ANNUAL REPORT ON MARITIME SAFETY

海上保安協会

平成8年度

CONTENTS

Major Incidents Related to Maritime Safety

PART 1 ESTABLISHING ORDER ANEW AT SEA

INTRODUCTION

Chapter 1 UNCLOS Ratification and Enactment of National Laws

1. UNCLOS

(1) UNCLOS Ratification

(2) Contents of UNCLOS

2. Enactment of National Laws Accompanying UNCLOS Ratification

(1) Background of Enactment of National Laws

(2) Enactment of Basic Laws Related to Territorial Sea, etc.

(3) Enactment of Other Related Laws

Chapter 2 New Maritime Security in Response to UNCLOS

(1) Illegal Immigration Countermeasures

(2) Water's Edge Law Enforcement Measures Against Firearm and Drug Smuggling

(3) Guarding Territorial Sea

(4) Foreign Fishing Vessel Countermeasures

(5) Measures Against Oil Discharges, etc., by Foreign Vessels

(6) Measures to Prevent the Seizure of Japanese Fishing Vessels

(7) Countermeasures Against Oceanographic Surveys by Foreign Vessels

Chapter 3 UNCLOS and the Promotion of Oceanographic Surveys

(1) Oceanographic Surveys to Demarcate Jurisdictional Sea Areas

(2) Oceanographic Surveys to Establish the Outer Limits of Continental Shelf etc.

(3) Promotion of Marine Geodetic Survey

Chapter 4 Establishment of a JMSA Structure for the New Order at Sea

(1) Current Wide Area Patrol System and Its Philosophy

(2) Expansion of Maritime Safety Operations as a Result of UNCLOS Ratification

(3) Patrol Vessels, Craft, Aircraft, etc

PART 2 MARITIME SAFETY TRENDS

Chapter 1 Maintaining Maritime Safety

I. Guarding Territorial Waters, etc

1. Guarding Territorial Waters

2. Monitoring Foreign Hydrographic and Oceanographic Survey Vessels

3. Response to Suspicious Ships in the East China Sea

4. Protecting Japanese Fishing Vessels

(1) Ships Seized off Hokkaido

(2) Ships Seized in Other Sea Areas

II. Maintaining Legal Order at Sea

1. Violations of Maritime Laws

2. Violations of Fishery Laws

(1) Japanese Commercial Fishing

(2) Foreign Commercial Fishing

3. Penal Offenses

4. Violations of Laws Related to Immigration

5. Violations of Laws Related to Firearms and Drugs

6. Other Violations of Laws

III. Security Mission Against Strife at Sea and Guard and Escort Operations

l. Security Mission Against Strife at Sea

2. Guard and Escort Operations

3. Security Missions Against Unusual Crimes

Chapter 2 Ensuring Maritime Traffic Safety

I. Safety Measures in Congested Sea Areas

1. Application of Maritime Traffic Safety Law and Port Regulations Law and

(1) Maritime Traffic Safety Law

(2) Port Regulations Law

2. Establishment and Operation of Maritime Traffic Information Systems, etc.

(1) Tokyo Bay Maritime Traffic Information System

(2) Seto Inland Sea Maritime Traffic Information System

(3) Information Provision and Traffic Control Systems in Nagoya Bay

3. Safety Measures for Large Project

II. Guidance to Ensure Maritime Traffic Safety

1. Promotion of Maritime Casualty Prevention Activities

2. Guidance and Development of Maritime Casualty Prevention Organizations, etc.

3. Safety Measures for Various Types of Vessels

(1) Tankers

(2) Ships Carrying Radioactive Material

(3) Fishing Vessels

(4) Passenger Ships

(5) Lumber Carriers

(6) Foreign Ships

Chapter 3 Promotion of Measures to Ensure the Safety and Sound Growth of Marine Leisure

I. Current State and Future Trend of Marine Leisure

II. The State of Occurrences of Marine Leisure Accidents and Their Causes

1. The State of Occurrences of Pleasure Boats, etc., in Distress and Their Causes

(1) The State of Accident Occurrences by Type of Vessel

(2) The State of Accident Occurrences by Type of Distress

(3) Cause of Distress Occurrence

2. The State of Occurrences of Marine Leisure-Related Seaside Accidents and Their Causes

(1) Scuba Diving

(2) Windsurfing

(3) Surfing

(4) Shore Fishing

(5) Swimming

III. Promotion of Measures to Prevent Accidents in and Contribute to the Sound Growth of Marine Leisure

1. Safety Instruction, etc., for Marine Leisure Participants

2. Implementation of "Paradise for Pleasure Boats" Periods and Cooperation in Marine Events

3. Strengthening Related Organizations

(1) Small Boat Safety Association, etc.

(2) Japan Marine Leisure Safety Promotion Association

IV. Enriching and Strengthening the Marine Leisure Rescue System

1. Rescue Related to Marine Leisure Accidents

(1) Rescuing Pleasure Boats, etc.

(2) Rescues for Seaside Accidents Related to Marine Leisure

2. Strengthening the System for Rescues by Patrol Vessels, Craft and Aircraft

3. Improving the System for Obtaining Distress Information

4. Creating Private Maritime Rescue Systems

V. Providing Information for Safe Marine Leisure

Chapter 4 Maritime Search and Rescue

I. The Situation Regarding Distress Occurrences and Rescues

1. The Situation Regarding Distress Occurrences

(1) The Situation Regarding Ships Requiring Rescue

(2) Situation Regarding Deaths and Missing Persons

2. Situation Regarding Maritime Rescue

(1) Situation Regarding Rescuing Ships Requiring Aid

(2) Situation Regarding Saving Human Lives

3. Situation Regarding the Occurrence of Accidents Resulting in Injury or Death

(1) Situation Regarding the Occurrence of Non-Distress Accidents Resulting in Injury or Death of Crew Members

(2) Situation Regarding the Occurrence of Coastal Accidents

4. Situation Regarding Rescuing Accidents Victims

(1) Situation Regarding the Rescue of Victims of Non-Distress Accidents Resulting in Injury or Death of Crew Members

(2) Situation Regarding the Rescue of Coastal Accidents Victims

5. Situation Regarding Helicopter Airlift Rescues

6. Situation Regarding Transporting Emergency Patients, etc.

II. Maritime Search and Rescue System

1. Information Gathering System

2. Improving the Japanese Ship Reporting System

3. System for Quick Response to Maritime Distress

4. Special Rescue System

(1) Haneda Special Rescue Station

(2) Scuba Diving Vessels

(3) Patrol Vessels with Enhanced Rescue Capabilities

(4) Studies to Respond to Maritime Distress Involving Dangerous Cargo

5. System for Medical Emergencies at Sea

6. Further Enhancement of the System for Medical Emergencies at Sea

7. Cooperating with Related Organizations, etc.

8. Introduction of the GMDSS

(1) History of GMDSS

(2) Benefits of GMDSS

(3) Outline of the System

(4) JMSA Response to GMDSS

Chapter 5 Protection of the Marine Environment and Maritime Disaster Preparedness and Response

I. Current State of Marine Pollution and Measures to Protect the Marine Environment

1. Situation Regarding Confirmed Incidents of Marine Pollution

2. Situation Regarding Discharge of Waste into the Sea, etc.

3. Studies Related to Protecting the Marine Environment

(1) Studies to Understand the State of the Marine Environment

(2) Pollution Surveys of Sea Water and Bottom Sediments

(3) Survey of the State of Tar Balls Adrift and Washed Ashore

(4) Survey of the State of Flotsam Adrift at Sea

(5) Promotion of Research Related to the Protection of the Marine Environment

4. Surveillance and Law Enforcement to Protect the Marine Environment

5. Instruction to Protect the Marine Environment

6. Measures to Prevent Marine Pollution By Foreign Ships

II. Current State of Maritime Disasters and Preparedness and Response Measures Against Them

1. Situation Regarding the Occurrence of Maritime Disasters

(1) Situation Regarding the Occurrence of Spillage Accidents Involving Oil and Other Substances

(2) Situation Regarding Shipboard Fires

2. Measures to Remove Spilled Oil

(1) Establishment of a System for the Removal of Spilled Oil

(2) Preparation of Equipment, Materials, etc., for the Removal of Spilled Oil

(3) Strengthening the System for Mutual Cooperation Between Related Organizations

3. Measures to Remove Noxious Substances

4. Maritime Fire-fighting Measures

5. Preparedness and Response Measures for Large Tanker Berths

6. Disaster Preparedness Measures for National Oil Storage Bases

7. Guidance and Supervision Provided by the Maritime Disaster Prevention Center

Chapter 6 Response to Natural Disasters

1. Response to the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake

2. Countermeasures for Natural Disasters

(1) Establishment of Disaster Emergency Readiness

(2) Establishment of Disaster Prevention Bases

(3) Preparation of the Coastal Disaster Prevention Informational Chart

(4) Conducting Disaster Fighting Drill

3. Disaster Prevention Studies

(1) Participation in the Earthquake Prediction Plan

(2) Participation in the Volcanic Eruption Prediction Plan

Chapter 7 Oceanographic Surveys and Provision of Oceanographic Information

I. Oceanographic Surveys and Provision of Information to Ensure Navigational Safety

1. Oceanographic Surveys to Ensure Navigational Safety

(1) Surveys of Ports and Coastlines and Surveys to Update Charts

(2) Oceanographic Surveys

(3)Geomagnetic Surveys

(4) Port and Harbor Investigation

(5) Tidal Observations

(6) Observation of Tidal Streams and Ocean Currents

(7) Observation of Occultation and Grazing Occultation of Stars by the Moon (*Note 2)

(8) Observation of Sea Ice and Waves

2. Providing Information to Ensure Safe Navigation

(1) Hydrographic Charts and Publications, etc.

(2) Providing Maritime Safety Information

(3) Providing Information on Ocean Conditions

II. Administering and Providing Oceanographic Information

1. Operation of the Japan Oceanographic Data Center, Provision of Information, etc.

2. Providing Information Domestically

Chapter 8 Current Aids to Navigation Service

I. Current Aids to Navigation and their Improvement

1. Visual Aids to Navigation

2. Radio Aids to Navigation

3. Audible Aids to Navigation

4. Other Aids to Navigation

(1) Vessel Traffic Signal Stations

(2) Tidal Stream Signal Stations

II. Maintenance and Operation of Aids to Navigation

III. Local Weather Information Service

IV. Use of Natural Energy

Chapter 9 International Activities Related to Maritime Safety

I. Cooperation with International Organizations, etc.

1. International Maritime Organization (IMO)

2. International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)

3. COSPAS-SARSAT

4. The International Association of Lighthouse Authorities (IAIA)

5. International Astronomical Union (IAU)

6. Others

(1) Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC)

(2) International Omega Technical Commission (IOTC)

II. Promoting Cooperation and Solidarity with Related Countries

1. Guard and Rescue Operations

(1) Establishment of Search and Rescue (SAR) Systems in the Asian Pacific Region

(2) Regional Cooperation Related to Marine Environmental Protection

(3) Ensuring Maritime Traffic Safety in Asia

(4) Regional Cooperation Against Maritime Crime

2. Hydrographic Operations

(1) International Cooperation to Understand the State of the Marine Environment

(2) East Asia Hydrographic Commission

3. Aids to Navigation

III. Promotion of International Cooperation and Contribution

l. Technical Cooperation

(1) Technical Training Program

(2) Dispatch of Experts

(3) Development Studies

(4) Other Technical Cooperation

2. International Science and Technology Cooperation

3. International Disaster Relief Activities

4. U. N. Peace-Keeping Operations (PKO) and Humanitarian International Relief Operations

Chapter 10 The Current Maritime Safety System

I. Organization and Personnel

1. Organization

2. Personnel

II. Equipment

1. Vessels, Craft, and Aircraft

(1) State of Vessels and Craft

(2) State of Aircraft

2. Communications

3. Oceanographic Information System

III. Education and Training System

1. Education and Training at the Maritime Safety Academy

2. Education and Training at the Maritime Safety School

3. Study and Training at Enactments Outside the Agency, etc.