TS-42
Basic Research on the Application of Wind Energy Generation System to Ships
Kazuyoshi Sumi*, Takeshi Hashimoto**
Shigehiro Yamamoto**, Toshio Hikima***
ABSTRACT
Releasing polluted gases such as NOx, and SOx from ship to the atmosphere has been concerned increasingly. To reduce the pollution of marine environment, the application of wind energy generation system to ship is highly regarded, since wind energy is an alternative clean energy source to fossil fuels.
In this paper, a basic design of new hybrid electric power generating system using diesel engine generator and wind energy generation system for ships was proposed. The electric power generating system for a small ship and coal cargo one were designed by the proposal method. The amount of fuel consumption and NOx and SOx emission from the present electric power generating system using diesel engine and those from the new hybrid electric power generating system using diesel engine generator and wind energy generation system were compared. The designed electric power generating system could reduce the fuel consumption and NOx and SOx emission from those ships. The application of the wind energy generation system to the electric power generating system of ship has a value to discuss to solve the environmental problems at sea.
Key Words: Wind energy generation system, a small ship, a coal cargo ship, Fuel consumption, NOx and SOx emission
1. INTRODUCTION
Some methods to reduce polluted gases such as CO2, NOx, and SOx from diesel engines of ship have been discussed. For generating power of land, wind energy generation system is expected to be widely used because of its cleanness in the environment.
In this paper, a basic design of new hybrid electric power generating system using diesel engine generator and wind energy generation system for ships was considered and proposed. By means of the method, the new hybrid electric power generating systems of a small ship and coal cargo one were designed. The fuel consumption and NOx and SOx emission from the designed electric power generating system was estimated by those from the present electric power generating system using diesel engine.
2. ELECTRIC POWER GENERATING SYSTEM WITH WIND ENERGY GENERATION SYSTEM OF SMALL SHIP
2.1 Outline of Small Ship
The small ship is the training ship of Kobe University of Mercantile Marine having the name of "Fukae Maru". The small ship having the length of 50.0 [m], the breadth of 10.0 [m], and the gross tonnage of 674.0 [t], navigates along the coast of Japan (the Inland sea and Osaka bay etc.). The average of navigating time is about seven hours a day. The subject navigation of this paper was from May 25 in 1999 to August 31 in 1999, which totals to thirty six days.
The present electric power generating system of the small ship has two sets of diesel engine generators having the capacity of 200 [kW] and one set of shaft generator having the capacity of 200 [kW]. For an emergency, there is one set of diesel engine generator having the capacity of 25 [kW]. During the navigation, one diesel engine generator is operated and provides the electric power.
The maximum value of electric energy consumption is 120.0 [kWh], the minimum one is 58.0 [kWh], the average one is 80.8 [kWh].
2.2 Design of New Hybrid Electric Power Generating System of Small Ship
2.2.1 Analysis of Wind Data and Operation of Wind Turbine
The data for design of wind energy generation system, relative wind speed, relative wind direction, and electric energy consumption etc., were collected every one hour in the navigation.
From the data of relative wind speed, the distribution of it was obtained. The distribution of relative wind speed is shown in Fig.1. According to Rayleigh wind speed distribution (average wind speed is 10 [m/s]) that is similar to the distribution of relative wind speed and the distribution of wind energy, the operating wind speed of setting wind turbine was decided as follows; cut in wind speed was 5 [m/s]. Cut out wind speed was 25 [m/s]. Rated wind speed was 16 [m/s].
* Marine Technical College
12-24 Nishikura-cho, Ashiya, 659-0022, Japan
FAX: +81-797-32-5972, E-mail: sumi@eng.mtc.ac.jp
** Kobe University of Mercantile Marine
*** World Maritime University
