湧出量の少ない水源や、浄水処理や汲み上げの必要な水源を利用する給水システムでは特に重要となる。
106. コミュニティ自体からも一定の排水が出る。これによって公共衛生が脅かされてはならない。また排水は家畜用の水、菜園用の引き水、水洗便所などに有効に再利用できる場合がある。
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