The bearing of the mark or vessel concerned, is the bearing in the 360
degree notation from north (true north unless otherwise stated), except in the case of
relative bearings. Bearing may be either FROM the mark or FROM the vessel.
Examples: "Pilot boat is bearing 215 degrees from you."
Note: Vessels reporting their position should always quote their
bearing FROM the
mark, as described in paragraph 11.2.
12.1 Relative bearings
Relative bearings can be expressed in degrees relative to the vessel's
head or bow. More frequently this is in relation to the port or starboard bow.
Example: "Buoy is 030 degrees on your port bow."
(Relative D/F bearings are more commonly expressed in the 360 degree
notation.)
13 Courses
Always to be expressed in 360 degree notation from north (true north
unless otherwise stated). Whether this is to TO or FROM a mark can be stated.
14 Distances
Preferably to be expressed in nautical miles or cables (tenths of a
mile) otherwise in kilometres or metres, the unit always to be stated.
15 Speed
To be expressed in knots:
15.1 without further notation meaning speed through the water; or
15.2 "ground speed" meaning speed over the ground.
16 Time
Times should be expressed in the 24 hour notation indicating whether
UTC, zone time or local time is being used.
