Thailand (1)
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Edited by |
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Thanatip Jantarapakde |
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1998012 |
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Pitak Wattanpongpisal |
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1999034 |
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Sutichai Sa-nguansin |
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1993085 |
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Somchai Rodthongterm |
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1994026 |
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Somnuck Sukavanich |
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2002038 |
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Chainarong Bongkarn |
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1999006 |
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Noppadol Angkanupong |
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2000002 |
1. Information on governmental maritime administration organization
The Harbour Department Functions
The Harbour Department is under the Ministry of Transport and Communications. The Director-General directs it with assistance from 3 Deputy Director-Generals. The responsibilities of the Department cover both Maritime and inland waterways transport such as safety of navigation, ship registration, ship survey, pilotage, dredging and maintenance of navigation, channels, seafarer s' training and certification, navigation chart production, marine environment protection and development of port infrastructure and facilities.
Organization
The Harbour Department is organized into 13 divisions, 7 regional Offices and 24 branches.
A Director heads each division. Responsibilities of each division can be summarized as follows.
1. Technical Division
- Marine environment protection
- Water transport development planning
- Civil and marine engineering works
- Water transport data collection and processing
- Foreign affairs and international conventions
2. Survey & Chart Production Division
- Hydrographic surveys
- Hydrological surveys
- Production of navigation charts
3. Coastal Dredging & Maintenance Division
- Dredging of coastal channels
- Installation & maintenance of aids to navigation
4. River Dredging & Maintenance Division
- Dredging of river navigation channels
- Installation & maintenance of aids to navigation
5. Ship Survey Division
- Ship survey
- Ship plan approval
- Examination and certification of competency for seaman (Engineer)
- Port State Control inspections
6. Ship Registration Division
- Ship registration service
- Ship licensing
- Endorsement of a mortgage
7. Waterway Transport Inspection Division
- Facilitation and safety of inland & maritime navigation
- Issuance of vessels' port clearance
- Examination and certification of competency for seamen (Deck)
- Control of construction encroaching on waterways or Seas e.g. port, piers
8. Pilot Division
- Provision of pilotage services
- Issuance of pilot license
- Maritime safety communications
9. Merchant Marine Training Center
- Provision of seamen's training at official and rating levels
10. Finance Division
- Financial management
- Supplies procurement
- Property and services
- Operation and maintenance of vehicles
11. Office of the Secretary
- Public relations
- Staff training
- Personnel management
- General administration
12. Office of Seamen (Under responsible of Waterway Transport Inspection Division)
- Crews' employment
- Issuance of Seamen Book
13. Office of Legal Affairs
- Drafting and revising law/regulation
- Civil liability matters
- Drafting and checking contracts
- Other legal matters
Manpower
In 1999 the number of the Department's manpower is 2,638 comprising 1,113 civil servants, 973 permanent employees and 552 temporary employees
Location
The Headquarters of the Harbour Department is located at
1278 Yotha Road. Talard Noi, Samphanthawong District, Bangkok 10100. Thailand
Regional Harbour Master Office
1. Regional Harbour Office I (Nakhon Sawan)
2. Regional Harbour Office II (Ayutthaya)
3. Regional Harbour Office III (Samut Songkhram)
- Samut Sakhon Branch
- Kanchanaburi Branch
- Phetchaburi Branch
- Prachuap Khiri Khan Branch
4. Regional Harbour Office IV (Songkhla)
- Chumphon Branch
- Surat Thani Branch
- Nakhon Si Thammarat Branch
- Pattani Branch
- Narathiwat Branch
5. Regional Harbour Office V (Trang)
- Ranong Branch
- Phangnga Branch
- Krabi Branch
- Satun Branch
- Phuket Branch
6. Regional Harbour Office VI (Chachoengsao)
- Chon Buri Branch
- Rayong Branch
- Chanthaburi Branch
- Trat Branch
- Samut Prakran Branch
7. Regional Harbour Office VII (Nong Khai)
- Ubon Ratchathani Branch
- Nakhon Ratchasima Branch
Organization Chart of the Harbour Department
2. Basic data on marine transport of Thailand
2.1 Role of marine transport
2.1.1 Percentage of marine transport trade in the entire international trade (1999)
| Year |
Export |
Import |
Export and Import |
| Marine |
Other |
Total |
Marine |
Other |
Total |
Marine |
Other |
Total |
| 1990 |
94.77 |
5.23 |
100.00 |
95.70 |
4.30 |
100.00 |
95.30 |
4.70 |
100.00 |
| 1991 |
94.00 |
6.00 |
100.00 |
96.04 |
3.96 |
100.00 |
95.21 |
4.79 |
100.00 |
| 1992 |
93.60 |
6.40 |
100.00 |
95.53 |
4.74 |
100.00 |
94.74 |
5.26 |
100.00 |
| 1993 |
92.29 |
7.71 |
100.00 |
95.86 |
4.14 |
100.00 |
94.40 |
5.60 |
100.00 |
| 1994 |
95.20 |
4.80 |
100.00 |
94.87 |
5.13 |
100.00 |
95.03 |
4.97 |
100.00 |
| 1995 |
93.32 |
6.68 |
100.00 |
95.49 |
4.51 |
100.00 |
94.69 |
5.31 |
100.00 |
| 1996 |
93.77 |
6.23 |
100.00 |
96.35 |
3.65 |
100.00 |
95.40 |
4.60 |
100.00 |
| 1997 |
94.20 |
5.80 |
100.00 |
96.00 |
4.00 |
100.00 |
95.25 |
4.75 |
100.00 |
| 1998 |
95.65 |
4.35 |
100.00 |
98.60 |
1.40 |
100.00 |
97.07 |
2.93 |
100.00 |
| 1999 |
95.83 |
4.17 |
100.00 |
98.60 |
1.40 |
100.00 |
97.31 |
2.96 |
100.00 |
Source: Custom Department, 1999
2.2 Magnitude of merchant fleets
2.2.1 Size of the national fleet of oceangoing vessels (Year 1999)
| Type of vessels |
Number of vessels |
DWT. |
| Liquid Bulk |
71 |
545,797 |
| Solid Bulk |
84 |
614,666 |
| Container |
13 |
144,601 |
| Semi-Container |
2 |
29,114 |
| Conventional |
65 |
820,327 |
| Other |
27 |
39,389 |
| Total amount |
262 |
2,193,924 |
Source: - Thailand Shipping Statistics 1999
- Office of the Maritime Promotion Commission
- Ministry of Transport and Communications (July 2000)
2.3 Seafarers
2.3.1 Number of Thai seafarers
| Flag of vessels |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
| Thai Flag |
5,840 |
5,879 |
6,159 |
5,048 |
5,133 |
| Foreign Flag |
77,182 |
78,167 |
72,174 |
69,022 |
77,830 |
| Total |
83,022 |
84,046 |
78,333 |
74,070 |
82,963 |
Source: Harbour Department
2.4 Ports
2.4.1 Amount of cargos handled at the ports (All ports in Thailand)
Inward cargo tonnage by type of cargo
| Type of Cargo |
Tonnage |
| Break Bulk |
12,974,193 |
| Bulk |
45,357,178 |
| Container |
8,120,873 |
| Total |
66,452,244 |
Outward cargo tonnage by type of cargo
| Type of Cargo |
Tonnage |
| Break Bulk |
22,386,011 |
| Bulk |
19,714,357 |
| Container |
14,418,504 |
| Total |
56,518,872 |
2.4.2 Number of oceangoing/domestic shipping vessels entering the ports (1999)
Arrival and Departure of vessels: 1995-1999 (all ports)
| Year |
INWARD |
OUTWARD |
TOTAL
Cargo
Tonnage |
| No. of Voyage |
Cargo
Tonnage |
No. of Voyage |
Cargo
Tonnage |
Inter-
national |
Domestic |
Total |
Inter-
national |
Domestic |
Total |
| 1995 |
9,186 |
1,245 |
10,431 |
58,490,033 |
9,696 |
908 |
10,604 |
33,860,977 |
92,351,010 |
| 1996 |
9,365 |
1,922 |
11,287 |
68,078,842 |
9,197 |
1,629 |
10,826 |
38,309,445 |
106,388,287 |
| 1997 |
9,048 |
2,903 |
11,951 |
66,974,832 |
9,145 |
2,152 |
11,297 |
41,485,731 |
108,460,563 |
| 1998 |
8,648 |
3,029 |
11,677 |
56,573,486 |
9,123 |
2,074 |
11,197 |
44,418,756 |
100,992,242 |
| 1999 |
9,666 |
3,280 |
12,946 |
66,452,244 |
9,749 |
2,497 |
12,246 |
56,518,872 |
122,971,766 |
Source: Harbour Department
Complied by: Information Section, Maritime Information Services Division,
Office of the Maritime Promotion Commission
2.5 Occurrence of marine disasters and marine pollutions
2.5.1 Number of recent marine disasters occurred in territorial waters
Marine accident classified by cause: 1992-2000
Cause of
accidents |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
| Collision |
16 |
27 |
23 |
3 |
11 |
8 |
9 |
- |
2 |
| Capsizing |
13 |
35 |
16 |
9 |
1 |
3 |
3 |
4 |
7 |
| Allison |
4 |
5 |
9 |
3 |
2 |
4 |
- |
4 |
3 |
| Fire |
4 |
4 |
6 |
2 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
| Grounding |
- |
5 |
- |
2 |
1 |
- |
|
- |
- |
| Others |
2 |
6 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
- |
10 |
1 |
5 |
| Total |
39 |
82 |
58 |
21 |
20 |
17 |
23 |
11 |
18 |
| Dead |
115 |
19 |
43 |
39 |
7 |
2 |
23 |
17 |
14 |
| Injuly |
23 |
34 |
36 |
5 |
1 |
13 |
4 |
- |
- |
Note: In 1992, pier capsized causing 12 deaths
In 1995, pier capsized causing 30 deaths
Marine accident classified by Location: 1992-2000
Location
of
accidents |
1992 |
1993 |
1994 |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
| In River |
30 |
46 |
49 |
7 |
11 |
13 |
20 |
7 |
15 |
| At Sea |
6 |
17 |
6 |
6 |
1 |
4 |
2 |
4 |
3 |
| Channel |
3 |
19 |
3 |
8 |
8 |
- |
1 |
- |
- |
| Total |
39 |
82 |
58 |
21 |
20 |
17 |
23 |
11 |
18 |
Marine accident classified by type of vessels: 1995-2000
Type of
vessels |
1995 |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
| Passenger |
4 |
7 |
4 |
7 |
3 |
7 |
| Barges |
3 |
5 |
3 |
8 |
- |
3 |
| Tanker |
3 |
3 |
3 |
- |
1 |
2 |
| Fishing |
1 |
- |
1 |
- |
2 |
1 |
| Ferry |
- |
1 |
- |
2 |
1 |
3 |
| Pier |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Small boat |
1 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
2 |
| Dredger |
- |
- |
- |
- |
1 |
- |
| Total |
21 |
20 |
17 |
23 |
9 |
18 |
Source: Harbour Master Section, Waterway Transport Inspection Division
Complied by: Statistics Section, Technical Division, Harbour Department
2.5.2 Number of recent marine pollution occurred in territorial waters
Location
occur |
1996 |
1997 |
1998 |
1999 |
2000 |
| In river |
2 |
8 |
7 |
6 |
5 |
| In Sea |
4 |
5 |
3 |
12 |
5 |
| Total |
6 |
13 |
10 |
18 |
10 |
Source: Marine Pollution Office, Harbour Department
3. Research organization on maritime affairs and ocean-related issued
- The Institute of Marine Science, Burapha University
Address: Bangsaen, Chon Buri 20131 Thailand
Tel: (6638) 391671-3 Fax: (6638) 391674
Website:
http://www.sci.buu.ac.th/
- Department of Marine Science , Faculty of Science,
Chulalongkorn University
Bangkok Thailand
Tel: (662) 2185394 Fax: (662) 2550780
Website:
http://www.marine.sc.chula.ac.th/
- Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University
P.O. Box 3, Khohong, Hat Yai, Songkhla, Thailand 90112,
Tel. (6674) 212829, 211030 Ext. 2605 Fax. (6674) 212801, 212920, 212923
Website:
http://www.psu.ac.th/science/
- The Thailand Research Fund (TRF)
Address: Gypsum Metropolitan Tower, 19th Floor
539/2 Sri-Ayudhya Road, Rajdhevee, Bangkok 10400 THAILAND
Tel: (662) 642 5186-9 Fax: (662) 642 5190
Website:
http://www.trf.or.th
- Office of the Maritime Promotion Commission
19 Phra-Artit Road, Bangkok 10200, Thailand
Tel (662) 2810315, 2819367, 282-3698 Fax: (662) 2827928
Website:
http://www.ompc.motc.go.th
- Asian Institute of Technology (AIT)
P.O. Box 4 Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120. Thailand
Tel: (662) 516-0110 Fax: (662) 516-2126
Website:
http://www.ait.ac.th/
