付録2. クルーズ船業界の環境基本指針
Cruise Industry Waste Management Practices and Procedures (CIWMP&P)
国際クルーズ船協議会
CRUISE INDUSTRY STATEMENTS・ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIPS ECONOMIC STUDY (1997)・EVEN KEEL NEWSLETTER MARITIME SHIPPINEG FAC・MEDICAL FACILITIES・NEWS RELEASES
PUBLIC INFO:CRUSE INDUSTRY STATEMENTS
WASTE MANAGEMENT
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CRUISE INDUSTRY WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND PROCEDURES
The cruise industry is dedicated to preserving the marine environment and oceans upon which our ships sail. As a stated industry policy, ICCL members have adopted aggressive programs of waste minimization, waste reuse and recycling, and waste stream management. ICCL members are working in a number of areas to identify and implement new technologies in order to improve the environmental performance of our ships. ICCL member lines currently have policies in place which meet or exceed the stringent standards set forth in international treaties and applicable U.S. laws.
Introduction
The cruise industry is inextricably linked to the environment. Our business is to bring people to interesting places in the world, over the water. Recognizing the future of the industry depends on a clean and healthy environment, cruise industry senior management is committed to being stewards of the environment and setting policies that will make the industry a leader in enviroumental performance.
This policy document has been developed under the auspices of the industry's professional organizations, the International Council of Cruise Lines (ICCL), the Florida Caribeean Cruise Association (FCCA), and the Northwest CruiseShip Association (NWCA). The goal of this document is to formalize cruise industry waste management practices.
In the development of industry management practices, the members of the International Council of Cruise Lines have endorsed policy goals based upon the following fundamental principles:
・Fully comply with applicabie laws and regulations
・Maintain cooperative relationships with the regulatory community
・Design ships to be environmentally friendly
・Embrace new technology
・Conserve resources through purchasing strategies and product management
・Minimize waste generated and maximize reuse and recycling
・Optimize energy efficiency through conservation and management
・Manage water discharges
・Educate staff, guests and the community.
Discussion
Just as on shore, ship operations and passengers generate waste as part of many daily activities. On ships, waste is generated while underway and in port. Because ships move, the management of these wastes becomes more complicated than for land-based activities, as the facilities and laws change with the location of the ship. Facilities on the ships and management practices must be designed to take into account environmental laws and regulations around the world.
Moreover, because waste management ultimately becomes a local activity, the local port infrastructure, service providers, and local waste disposal vendors are factors in the decision-making processes.
On an international level, environmental processes are an important part of the International Maritime Organization's (IMO's) policies and procedures for the maritime industry. The cruise industry has incorporated environmental performance into Safety Management Systems (SMS) and MARPOL-mandated Waste Management Manuals. Under agreements and laws specific to many nations, these programs are routinely reviewed by Port States to ensure compliance. For example, in the United States, the US Coast Guard has jurisdiction over environmental matters in ports and waterways and conducts examinations that include review of environmental systems, SMS documentation and such MARPOL-mandated documents as the Oil Record Book and the Garbage Record Book.
The industry effort to develop management practices has focused on the traditional high volume wastes (garbage, graywater, blackwater and bilge water), pollution prevention, and the small quantities of hazardous waste produced onboard.
