Introduction
This unofficial bool was prepared for information and guidance to exporters. It consists of lists and guidelines which reflect agreements reached in multilateral organizations in order to coordinate controls on exports of commodities, software, and technology for security reasons and for non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. It omits internationally-agreed sanctions on broad ranges of items, such as those in effect against Iraq. It also omits internationally-agreed arms embargoes. The lists which are included come from documents prepared by the Coordinating Committee(COCOM), the successor organization to COCOM known as the Wassenaar Arrangement, the Missile Technology Control Regime(MTCR), the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and its Nuclear Suppliers Group(NSG), and the Australia Group(AG) concerned with chemical and biological weapons.
These lists, in this form, do not have the force of law, nor they cover all commodities, software, and technology subject to U.S. export controls.
Wassenaar, MTCR, IAEA trigger list, NSG, and AG do not identify proscribed countries, as COCOM did. COCOM-proscribed countries when COCOM was disbanded in March 1994 were Albania, America, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, People's Republic of China, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova, Mongolia, North Korea, Romania, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, and Vietnam. Hungary was removed from this list in 1992 and the Czech Republic, Poland, and Slovakia were removed in 1993. The United States Department of Commerce Export Administration Regulations continue to list as "controlled countries" all those which were COCOM-proscribed in March 1994 plus Cambodia, Cuba, and Laos.
The 17 countries which were COCOM members are Australia, Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Turkey, United Kingdom, and United States. There are 24 states which participate in all four of the current multilateral regimes, namely, Wassenaar, MTCR, NSG, and AG. These are the former COCOM members less Turkey plus Argentina, Austria, Finland, Hungary, Ireland, New Zealand, Sweden, and Switzerland. The 33 Wassenaar co-founder participating states also include Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Republic of Korea, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Turkey, and Ukraine. The 28 MTCR participating states also include Brazil, Iceland, Russia, and South Africa. The 32 NSG participating states include Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Republic of Korea, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, and South Africa. The 30 AG participating states also include Czech Republic, Iceland, Republic of Korea, Poland, Romania, and Slovakia.
Most of the items on the Wassenaar Dual-Use List, the MTCR List, NSG Dual-Use List, and the AG lists are on the United States Department of Commerce Commodity Control List(CCL). Most of the items on the Wassenaar Munitions List are on the United States Munitions List(USML). Most of the items on the IAEA trigger list are controlled by the United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC). However, some Wassenaar Dual-Use, MTCR, and AG items are on the USML and some Wassenaar Munitions List and IAEA trigger list items are on the CCL In addition. there are some discrepancies between the multilateral texts and the corresponding U.S. texts.
