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4. Electrolarynx: A device is placed against the neck as shown in the figure and a button pressed to produce sound.

5. Shunt speech: The fingers are used to close the tracheostoma, permitting air to flow through the shunt from the trachea to the esophagus.

 

5. Principles of Esophageal Speech

 

The principles of esophageal speech are explained briefly as follows:

 

Following surgery, inhaling air and then opening the mouth to speak produces no sound because the lungs are no longer connected to the nose and mouth.

 

To generate sounds, air must be swallowed, injected, or inhaled and held in the esophagus, which is connected to the mouth, and then expelled through the esophageal mouth in the form of a burp or belch. This is termed esophageal speech. The first thing students learn is to trap air in the esophagus, which is difficult to do at the beginning.

 

Once air is taken into the esophagus, the abdomen is pressed or strained at once to raise the diaphragm, thus expelling the air in the esophagus and causing narrowing and vibration of the esophageal mouth, creating a sound. This is an artificial burp or belch. The part which literally produces a sound is called the "new glottis" and the sound produced is called a "basic sound."

 

 

 

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