・Staff should be encouraged to contribute and participate in goal setting and planning. This participation should be more than a mere formality.
・Staff should be assigned difficult and challenging tasks which are nevertheless achievable if they put in the effort.
・Staff should be allocated authority to decide upon details of implementation plans, and make decisions during the implementation itself.
・At each stage of the implementation, the staff in charge should be allowed to evaluate their own performance on planning, methods, results, etc. This self-evaluation should be discussed with supervisors and any necessary guidance provided.
・In order that staff do not feel over-restricted, supervisors must take care not to over control the situation or over supervise. Sufficient advice should be given, however, to allay their anxieties.
・Through the delegation of authority, staff may be trained to manage their own work.
