12 Future considerations in relation to ballast water exchange
12.1 Research needs
Operational measures such as ballast water exchange may be appropriate in the short term; however, there is a clear need for further research. These Guidelines should be revised and adjusted in the light of results concerning new ballast water management options.
12.2 Long-term evaluation of safety aspects in relation to ballast water exchange
Recognizing the need to evaluate the hazards and potential consequences for various types of ships and operations, interested parties should carry out detailed studies and provide information relevant to:
- experience gained from carrying out ballast water exchange at sea, including any samples/model procedures;
- operational precautions and procedures implemented to avoid potential hazards and consequences that may arise during the ballast water exchange at sea;
- an evaluation of the safety margins between the actual metacentric height and stresses versus the allowable seagoing limits specified in the approved trim and stability booklet and loading manual, relevant to different types of ships and loading conditions;
- any hazards which may arise due to human element issues relative to the responsible execution of ballast water exchange at sea in a manner which may not be fully prudent;
- operational procedures carried out prior to initiating the ballast water exchange at sea and check points during the exchange;
- the extent of training and management necessary to ensure that the process of ballast water exchange at sea is effectively monitored and controlled on board;
- plan of action to incorporate any unique procedures should an emergency occur which may affect the exchange of ballast water at sea; and
- the decision-making process, taking into account relevant safety matters, including ship's position, weather conditions, machinery performance, ballast system inspection and maintenance, crew safety and availability.
13 Ballast system design
Builders, owners and classification societies should take these Guidelines into consideration when designing new ships or modifying existing ships.
