Fig. 2 shows the train diagram of JR Tokaido line in Tokyo from 8:00 am. to 11:00 a.m.
During the peak hour, 15 car trains arrive in Tokyo station with a headway of 3 minutes and 30 seconds.
Fig. 3 shows the train diagram of Yamanote line, a ioop line in Tokyo, from 8:00 a.m. to 10:00 a.m. During the peak hour, 11 car trains run with a headway of 2 minutes and 30 seconds.
Such safe and precise operation of many trains is only possible with complete basic facilities for train operation, including track, station facility, car terminal facility, signal system, etc.
The number of trains that can effectively run daily, adding both inbound and outbound (track capacity) is usually 80-100 trains for single track sections, and 300-400 trains for double track sections. This number varies with facility ability, train type, train speed, operation time period, etc.
In general, the track capacity of a single track section is calculated by the following formula.
