2) Taken by major ship type, the percentages are: Ferries: 100%; OBO
carriers: 100%; Passenger ships: 99%; Bulk carriers: 94%; Containerships: 93%; Roros: 87%;
Tankers: 86%; Other types; 83%; LNG carriers: 82%; General cargo ships: 43%.
It should be stressed again that all of the above percentages only
refer to the $2 million, 10% ease (Psaraftis et al (1994b) presents some other cases too).
None of these figures would decrease (in fact, most or all would increase) for lower
values of either one of the above two parameters.
These results tend to support the following general conclusion:
Conclusion No.1: Over a broad sample of ships, ship types, and flags
(all EU flags included), an ATOMOS-type ship manned by a crew of 10 is likely to realize
significant lifetime cost savings over its equivalent conventional parent ship. This means
that ATOMOS-type technologies are likely to significantly improve the competitiveness of
these ships.
The other major question in Level III was the comparison between an
ATOMOS-10 ship and its equivalent cheap-crew ship (as defined earlier). To answer this
question, we investigated for which parent ships from the database of 1,487 ships the
manning cost of the equivalent ATOMOS-10 ship was lower than the manning cost of the
equivalent cheap-crew ship. We called such ships "ATOMOS-favorable." Obviously,
since in the definition of an ATOMOS-favorable ship only manning costs (but not capital
costs) were taken into account, the possibility that a ship is ATOMOS-favorable does not
necessarily mean that the corresponding ATOMOS ship will be more competitive than the
equivalent cheap-crew ship. The reverse however is true, because if a ship is not
ATOMOS-favorable there is no way that the ATOMOS-10 ship can be more competitive than the
equivalent cheap-crew ship.
The results on the ATOMOS-favorability question were as follows:
1) Percentages of ATOMOS-favorable ships by flag/register: Belgium:
100% (1 ship out of 1); Greece: 89%; UK: 81%; Luxembourg: 71%; Italy: 62%; France: 60%;
Ireland: 43%; Spain: 30%; Portugal: 25%; Netherlands: 21%; Germany: 17%; Denmark, DIS,
Finland, Japan, Norway, NIS, Sweden, and USA: 0%, or very close to 0%.
