"The functional and carriage requirements laid down in Regulation
25.1.4
("Ships should be fitted with means ... to provide automatically
to appropriately equipped shore stations, other ships and aircraft in formation such as
ship's identity, type, position, course, speed, navigational status and other safety
related in formation and to recieve automatically such information from similarly fitted
ships to monitor and track ships and to exchange data with shore based facilities.")
shall enter into force:
.1 with respect to all passenger ships and ships of 300 gross tonnage
and upwards on [1 January 2001];
.2 however, ships of 5000 gross tonnage and upwards carrying oil,
liquefied gasses or chemical in bulk between [1 July 1998 and 31 December 2000] in areas
where automatic ship reporting requirements exist shall comply with functional
requirements to enable shore stations to determine, through interrogation, the identity
and position of these ships sailing in these areas."
This indicates that after 1 Januar 2001 all mentioned ships have to
carry multi-purpose AIS and that only for a short interim periode of 2 2/1 years DSC AIS
might play a role.
7. The Impact on Ship Operation
The impact of "Transponders" on ship operation will increase
as well the safety as the efficiency of shipping and will decrease the autonomy of ship
operation ("Master next VTS") because due to the monitoring of ships, certain
decisions will be made ashore.
7.1 Safety of Ship Operation
The impact on safety via improved VTS (ship-to-shore) will be given by
- Continuous VTC-assisted monitoring of ships' motion and traffic flow;
- Traffic flow optimization;
- Individual warnings to prevent groundings and collisions;
- Reduction of verbal communication;
- Reduction of the "human element" and human errors.
The impact on safety via improved ship-to-ship interaction will be
given by
- "Everyone sees everyone";
- Improved tracking;
- Improved collision avoidance.
The automatic and continuous display of all equipped ships within an
integrated system such as ECDIS or ARPA radar enables every ship to take appropriate
action.
