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4. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
The most important use of the AH simulator will in the short term be conventional training and retraining of AH crews. In a longer time perspective we are convinced that the performance and the experience from the simulator will be a very important tool for R&D in complex offshore operations. Planned projects are:
・Verification of benefits by simulator training, and operation planning.
・Testing and development of AH routines as part of a best practice approach.
・Testing and development of different bridge / instrument design and user interface to optimise safety and performance (incl, improved DP modes).
・Development of cost effective simulator systems.
・Testing of AH strategies before complex operations.
・Testing and verification of new deck and ship design.
・Research in human factors and Crew Resource Management (CRM) in AH and DP operations.
5. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
During the concept and design study quite a few experienced operators from AH vessels have expressed their satisfaction with the layout and performance specification of the simulator. We can therefore assume that the concept have the best possible approach for a successful completion. Operational fidelity and flexibility is the fundamental performance, on which a scientific base must be build. The flexibility ensures the possibility to interface equipment for development and testing. Based on our experience from shiphandling simulators we also feel confident that the simulator will improve the quality and safety of related real world operations. In future operations, which tend to increase in complexity, use of such simulators will be even more important. We therefore conclude that the development now undertaken by AUC and our partners will be important to reduce risk in future AH and related operations. In spite of this we feel it most important to extend the development and include issues mentioned in chapter 4. The development of the simulator is as well part of the over all positive loop to improve quality in training, research and development at AUC.
6. INDUSTRIAL PARTNERS AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The planning and design of the simulator would not have been possible without financial and enthusiastic support from local companies involved in AH operations and equipment development. Special thanks to Farstad Shipping and some of their most experienced captains, and to Rolls Royce Marine Systems. Information and cooperation with KMSS have also been an important contribution.
REFERENCES
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[7] "Vryhof Anchor manual", Third edition, Digital version ( www.vryhof.com) . Krimpen ad Yssel, The Netherlands, 2000.
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[9] Kvale, E., Høgset, Ø. "Manual til innføringskurs i ankerhåndtering ved ankerhåndterings-simulatoren til Høgskolen i Ålesund". Hovedoppgave i Nautikk, Aalesund University College, 2002.
[10] Vikebakk, A.H., Vebenstad, K.A., Birkelund,P.O. "Visuelle deler av Ankerhåndterings-simulator" Hovedoppgave i Datateknikk, Aalesund University College, 2002.
[11] Kjerstad, N. "On the safety and training of High Speed Craft navigators along the coast of Norway". World Maritime Technology Conference 2003, San Francisco, 2003.
[12] DNV 2002. "Electronic Rulebook", rules for classification of ships. Det Norske Veritas, Oslo.
[13] "SOLAS, International Convention for Safety of Life at Sea", Chapter IV. Consolidated Edition. International Maritime Organization, London, 2001.
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[15] Lindahl, J., Sjøberg A "Dynamic Analysis of Mooring Cables". Report Series A : 9 , Department of Hydraulics . Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 1983.
[16] Braathen, A. "Prediction of extreme anchor line tension". Veritas Research Report No. 90-2002. Det Norske Veritas, Oslo, 1990.
[17] Fylling, I.J., Rudi, H., MØrch, M. "Safety factors for anchor line loading". Marintek Report 221409.00.01.85 . Trondheim, 1986.
[18] Rankka, W. "Estimating the time to fatigue failure of mooring cables". Report Series A:20, Department of Hydraulics. Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 1989.
[19] Anatec "Frigg Field Cessation Project -Assessment of Collision Risk from Passing Vessels", Anatec Report A1031-TFEE-CR-00, Aberdeen, 2001.
[20] Kjerstad, N & Bjørneseth O. "Frigg cessation simulation by use of shiphandling simulator". Aalesund University College, 2003.
AUTHOR's BIOGRAPHY
Norvald Kjerstad has since 1997 been an associate professor at the Aalesund University College. He graduated as Master of Nautical Science from Norwegian Institute of Technology in 1990 and has since than worked as lecturer and research fellow, interrupted by periods as navigator and scientist onboard different vessels. He has written textbooks in electronic navigation and arctic navigation, as well as presented more than a dozen papers in different journals and conferences. Before his master degree he had 8 years of seafaring experience from a variety of offshore and scientific vessels. He holds a master licence.
Ove Bjoerneseth is an assistant professor at the Institute of Computer Science at Alesund University College in Norway. He has been conducting research within situational awareness for several years in USA and Norway. He is currently head of Technical Development at AUC 's Center of Simulation and Visualization.
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