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APPENDIX C: INTERNATIONAL, REGIONAL AND INDUSTRY ORGANIZATIONS
 Working with and through international organizations that are involved in the maritime sector is critical in the effort to ensure the security of U.S. interests in the Maritime Domain through an enhanced global maritime security framework. Working with regional and industry organizations is also a major component of U.S. efforts with regard to maritime security. The following is a listing of some important maritime and international commerce related international, regional, and industry organizations, along with explanations of missions and contact information. An understanding of the missions and value of these organizations is important in achieving effective and coordinated outreach regarding U.S. maritime security policies.
 
D. International Organizations
Multilateral Export Control Regimes
 
 There are four major non-proliferation regimes through which the U.S. government encourages multilateral efforts to address the threat of terrorism or proliferation of weapons of mass destruction: the Australia Group (www.australiagroup.net), which deals with chemical and biological weapons; the Missile Technology Control Regime (www.mtcr.info/english); the Nuclear Suppliers Group (www.nuclearsuppliersgroup.org); and the Wassenaar Arrangement (www.wassenaar.org), which focuses on controls on conventional arms and dual-use exports.
 
International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities (IALA)
 
 The International Association of Marine Aids to Navigation and Lighthouse Authorities is a non-governmental association bringing together services and organizations concerned with the provision or maintenance of marine aids to navigation systems and allied activities, at sea and on inland waterways. The aim of IALA is to foster the safe, secure, economic and efficient movement of vessels, through improvement and harmonization of aids to navigation and vessel traffic services worldwide and other appropriate means, for the benefits of the maritime community and the protection of the environment.
 
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)
 
 The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is the world's center of cooperation in the nuclear field. It was set up as the world's "Atoms for Peace" organization in 1957 within the United Nations family. The Agency works with its Member States and multiple partners worldwide to promote safe, secure and peaceful nuclear technologies. The IAEA’s mission is guided by the interests and needs of Member States, strategic plans and the vision embodied in the IAEA Statute. Three main pillars - or areas of work - underpin the IAEA's mission: Safety and Security; Science and Technology; and Safeguards and Verification. IAEA may be contacted at Official.Mail@iaea.org, or by phone at the New York City United Nations Liaison Office at 212-963-6010.
 
International Labor Organization (ILO)
 
 The International Labor Organization is the UN specialized agency which seeks the promotion of social justice and internationally recognized human and labor rights. It was founded in 1919 and is the only surviving major creation of the Treaty of Versailles, which brought the League of Nations into being. The ILO became the first specialized agency of the United Nations in 1946. The ILO maintains a branch office in Washington. It can be contacted by email at washington@ilo.org and by phone at 202-653-7652.
 
International Maritime Organization (IMO)
 
 The International Maritime Organization is a specialized agency of the United Nations. The IMO is responsible for measures to improve the safety and security of international shipping and to prevent marine pollution from ships. It also is involved in legal matters, including liability and compensation issues and the facilitation of international maritime traffic. Since 1959, IMO has instituted several conventions, including the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL), the International Management Code for the Safe Operation of Ships and for Pollution Prevention (the ISM Code), and the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Maritime Navigation (SUA). In 2002, the IMO recognized the importance of comprehensive maritime security and adopted an International Ship and Port Facility Security Code (ISPS Code). As an agency of the UN, IMO currently consists of 164 member states. IMO may be contacted by emailing info@imo.org.
 
International Criminal Police Organization (INTERPOL)
 
 INTERPOL acts as a police organization in support of all organizations, authorities and services whose mission is preventing, detecting, and suppressing crime. INTERPOL seeks to provide both a global perspective and a regional focus; exchange information that is timely, accurate, relevant and complete; facilitate international co-operation; coordinate joint operational activities of its member countries; and share best practices and expertise. INTERPOL acts on the basis of the articulated demands and expectations of these organizations, authorities and services, while remaining alert to developments so as to be able to anticipate future requirements. INTERPOL may be contacted internationally at cp@interpol.int, or domestically at USNCB.Web@usdoj.gov, or by phone at 202-616-9000.
 
World Customs Organization (WCO)
 
 The WCO, officially known as the Customs Cooperation Council (CCC), is an independent intergovernmental body whose mission is to enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of Customs administrations. It is the competent global intergovernmental organization in Customs matters and has developed a number of instruments since its formal inception in 1952. The WCO currently consists of 165 member states that collectively represent 99% of all global trade. In addition to the various Conventions and International Instruments that have been promulgated by the WCO, which deal with issues such as modernization and harmonization, capacity building and integrity development in Customs administrations, the WCO has played an active role in the development of a Framework of Standards to Secure and Facilitate Global Trade, which seeks to improve the security of the global trade supply chain while at the same time improving the ability of Customs administrations to facilitate the movement of low-risk cargo. The WCO may be contacted at information@wcoomd.org.
 
World Trade Organization (WTO)
 
 The WTO is an international organization with 148 member nations. The main function of the WTO is to enhance global welfare by ensuring that trade flows as smoothly, predictably and freely as possible. This is accomplished through a set of trade agreements that establish legal ground-rules for international commerce. The WTO administers these agreements, provides a forum for trade negotiations, handles trade disputes, reviews trade policies, provides technical assistance and training for developing countries, and cooperates with other international organizations. The WTO may be contacted at enquiries@wto.org.
 
E. Regional Organizations
Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa (PMAESA)
 
 The Port Management Association of Eastern and Southern Africa (PMAESA) is a non-profit, non-governmental and non-political organization of port authorities in the Eastern and Southern Africa region. Membership of PMAESA ranges from the Sudan in the North to Namibia in South-West Africa, including the Indian Ocean islands and some land-locked countries. PMAESA was established in July 1973 under the auspices of the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (ECA). The main objectives behind the establishment of the Association are to coordinate and standardize African port operations, equipment and services of ports, with a view to improving relations with other transport organizations, sub-regionally or world-wide. In addition, PMAESA provides a forum for its members to share experiences, exchange views on common problems and how best to address them, and on matters of interest to all the Association’s members. PMAESA may be contacted at pmaesa@africaonline.co.ke
 
Organization of American States (OAS)
 
 The Organization of American States (OAS) brings together the thirty-five independent countries of the Western Hemisphere to strengthen cooperation and advance common interests. The OAS works to promote good governance, strengthen human rights, foster peace and security, expand trade, and address the complex problems caused by poverty, drugs and corruption. Through decisions made by its political bodies and programs carried out by its General Secretariat, the OAS works to promote greater inter-American cooperation and understanding. OAS may be contacted by email at pimultimedia@oas.org, or by phone at (202) 458-6824.
 
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC)
 
 Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) provides a forum for facilitating economic growth, cooperation, trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific region. APEC operates on the basis of non-binding commitments, open dialogue and equal respect for the views of all participants. APEC works to reduce tariffs and other trade bafflers across the Asia-Pacific region. The Bogor Goals are key to achieving APEC's vision of free and open trade and investment in the Asia-Pacific region. APEC also seeks to create an environment for the safe and efficient movement of goods, services and people across borders in the region through policy alignment and economic and technical cooperation. APEC has 21 members which account for more than a third of the world's population, approximately 60% of world GDP, and about 47% of world trade. APEC may be contacted at info@apec.org, or by phone at (65) 6775 6012.
 
F. Industry / Trade Organizations
Baltic and International Maritime Council (BIMCO)
 
 Founded in 1905, BIMCO is the world's largest and most diverse private shipping organisation. Its membership spans 123 countries and includes more than 2,550 companies. Owner members alone control 65% of the world merchant fleet, while 1,500 brokers and agents and 100 club and associate members complete BIMCO's international coverage, which in some segments, encompasses 80% of the cargo carrying capacity of specific ship types. BIMCO intervenes on its members' behalf with inter-governmental organizations, and regional and national authorities, and advocates international rather than regional or national regulations. It actively participates in many International Maritime Organization (IMO) working groups and sub-committees, keeping the IMO informed of shipping's point of view on the various issues. BIMCO actively urges that uniform application and enforcement of existing international conventions and regulations is undertaken worldwide. BIMCO may be contacted by email at mailbox@bimco.dk
 
International Association of Drilling Contractors (IADAC)
 
 IADC is the only organization that represents the worldwide oil and gas drilling industry. Its mission is to promote commitment to safety, preservation of the environment and advances in drilling technology. Through conferences, training seminars and various publications, IADC aims to foster education and communication within the petroleum industry.
 
International Association of Dry Cargo Shipowners (INTERCARGO)
 
 Since 1980 the International Association of Dry Cargo Shipowners (INTERCARGO) has represented the interests of owners, operators and managers of dry cargo shipping. In addition, INTERCARGO works closely with the other international associations to promote a safe, high quality, efficient and profitable industry. INTERCARGO is the sole international shipowners' association dedicated to the needs of the dry cargo industry. INTERCARGO's vision is for a safe, efficient and environmentally friendly dry cargo maritime transport industry where its members' ships serve world trade operating competitively, safely and profitably. INTERCARGO may be contacted by email at info@intercargo.org, and by phone at +44 (0)20 7977 7030.
 
International Association of Independent Tanker Owners (INTERTANKO)
 
 International Association of Independent Tanker Owners (INTERTANKO) membership is comprised of independent tanker owners and operators of oil and chemical tankers, i.e. non-oil companies and non-state controlled tanker owners, who fulfill the Association's membership criteria. As of January 2005, the organization had 235 members, whose combined fleet comprises more than 2,230 tankers totaling 170 million deadweight11, which is 70% of the world's independent tanker fleet. INTERTANKO's associate membership stands at 285 companies with an interest in shipping of oil and chemicals. INTERTANKO is a forum where the industry meets, policies are discussed and statements are created. It is a source of first-hand information, opinions and guidance. INTERTANKO seeks to create a professional, efficient and respected industry that is dedicated to achieving Safe transport, cleaner seas and free competition. INTERTANKO may be contacted by email at washington@intertanko.com, or by phone at the North America Office at (703) 373-2269.
 
International Association of Ports and Harbors (IAPH)
 
 The International Association of Ports and Harbors (IAPH) ultimate goal is to represent Port CEOs, Port Directors and Port Managers in order to promote and advance their common cause and interests. IAPH strives to fulfill the following mission to promote the development of the international port and maritime industry by fostering cooperation among members in order to build a more cohesive partnership among the world's ports and harbors, thereby promoting peace in the world and the welfare of mankind; to ensure that the industry's interests and views are represented before international organizations involved in the regulation of international trade and transportation and that they are incorporated in the regulatory initiatives of these organizations; and to collect, analyze, exchange and distribute information on developing trends in international trade, transportation, ports and the regulations of these industries. IAPH may be contacted by email at info@iaphworldports.org.
 
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC)
 
 The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) acts as the voice of world business, championing the global economy as a force for economic growth, job creation and prosperity. ICC activities cover a broad spectrum, from arbitration and dispute resolution to making the case for open trade and the market economy system, business self-regulation, fighting corruption or combating commercial crime. ICC has access to national governments all over the world through its national committees. The organization's Paris-based international secretariat feeds business views into intergovernmental organizations on issues that directly affect business operations. ICC may be contacted by email at webmaster@iccwbo.org, or by phone at +33 1 49 53 28 28.
 

11 The term deadweight refers to the total weight (expressed in tons) of cargo, cargo equipment, bunkers, provisions, water, stores and spare parts which a vessel can lift when loaded to her maximum draught as applicable under the circumstances.


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