Right after "9.11", all countries have realized the extreme danger of the terrorism, have taken great measures to fight against the terrorism with wonderful achievement. Some problems still exist, like terrorism has taken new means and methods to avoid being fought, as indicated below:

 Because the terrorism has no territory limit, without caring civilian lives and facilities, therefore the international society should cooperate, at both domestic level and international level, to combat the terrorists.

　

 On domestic side, the following should be considered:

 On international side, the following should be taken into account:

 The world's oil supply is under threat and nowhere more so than in the Middle East. A sober assessment of the risks to the industry.

　

 In February 1991, Saddam Hussein put Kuwait's oil fields to the torch as his invading army was being driven out of the emirate by US-led forces in Operation Desert Storm. More than 700 wells were set ablaze in the worst attack on energy infrastructure since World War II.

　

 Increasingly, the energy industry is again under threat from global terrorism, with the focus largely on the turbulent Middle East. The possibility that terrorists could ravage oil fields the way that Saddam did in Kuwait is probably extremely remote, if only because of the sheer scale of that kind of undertaking.

　

 But it should not be discounted altogether. A couple of dozen suicide bombers, operating in unison, could do immense damage against such targets, inflicting destruction costing billions of dollars. Saddam's act of madness and revenge in Kuwait removed 2 million barrels of oil a day from production.

　

 As fate would have it, these days post-Saddam Iraq's oil industry is the target of insurgents fighting the US-led occupation. They are regularly blowing up vital oil pipelines in a sustained campaign that security experts are worried could inspire terrorist attacks on key energy facilities in other countries and tankers carrying oil and gas around the world.

　

 Iraq, which has oil reserves second only to Saudi Arabia, is having to import more and more petroleum products because of the insurgency. Until recently, the attacks were largely against Iraq's northern pipelines that run to Turkey's Mediterranean terminal at Ceyhan. Now the southern network is being hit as well.

　

 Militants attacked oil company offices in Khobar, killing 22 people. Energy terrorism is not new in the Middle East, but the prospect of a major disruption in supplies from the region by Al-Qaeda and its affiliates is the primary reason why oil prices have spiked recently to 20-year highs.

　

 Unlike Latin America and Africa, where attacks on oil installations have largely been limited to bombing pipelines, sabotage and kidnapping to inflict localized economic disruption or secure political concessions, the potential for major attacks in the Middle East and the Islamic regions of Asia is high because of the terrorist organizations that operate in these areas.

　

 More attacks like those in Saudi Arabia will push oil prices even higher, threatening global economic disruption. A major exodus by the thousands of skilled expatriates working in the Saudi oil industry could also cause problems. A purported Al-Qaeda statement after the Khobar attack vowed to "cleanse the Arabian Peninsula of infidels."

　

 The US military is increasingly moving toward intervention in Africa and Asia, as well as deployments under way in the Middle East, Central Asia and Latin America, to protect its oil supplies, one of the key components of US policy. The danger is that, as in Iraq, protecting the flow of oil could intensify rather than diminish regional upheavals and violence.

　

 The prime target, of course, is Saudi Arabia, the world's largest oil producer and, probably more important, the only one with spare capacity to counter any serious disruption in supply. And while terrorist attacks there have raised fears among Westerners in the kingdom - and among industry analysts - Iraq remains the oil producer worst affected by terrorist attacks.

　

 However, pipelines in other regions are also regularly sabotaged. Expanding threats. In the Caucasus, Nigeria, Colombia, Sudan and Yemen, oil pipelines are constantly being blown up and authorities in these countries seem powerless to prevent such sustained assaults. Other oil facilities, including refineries, have been attacked in Indonesia, India, Pakistan, Argentina, Ecuador, Guatemala, Georgia, Azerbaijan and Myanmar in 2002-03 as the terrorist threat has expanded.

　

 But security concerns with pipelines extend to another area of great vulnerability: the computerized software that is used to regulate oil and gas flows could be attacked by cyberterrorists, a threat highlighted by the US National Petroleum Council's report, Security of Oil and Natural Gas Infrastructures in the New Economy, in June 2001.

　

 Pipelines may be the most vulnerable component of the global oil industry, but more and more are being built, many in regions that are exposed to political upheaval. One is the strategic 1,760 kilometer, $3.6 billion line now under construction to carry Caspian Sea crude from Baku in Azerbaijan through Tbilisi, Georgia, to Turkey's Ceyhan terminal.

　

 The BTC, as the pipeline is known, is scheduled for completion in 2005. A gas pipeline is due to be built alongside it by 2007. These will run through the volatile Caucasus, where extremists operate, and the Kurdish region of Turkey, making them potentially vulnerable to attack. Russia and Iran oppose these pipeline routes, chosen by the Americans to keep out Russia and Iran from the Caspian oil boom.

　

 In Iraq, the 950 kilometer pipeline from the Kirkuk oil fields in the north to Turkey, which can pump 800,000 barrels a day, has been out of action because of constant sabotage since soon after the collapse of Saddam Hussein's regime in April 2003. That severed a vital economic artery that has seriously impeded reconstruction. It reopened on April 3rd - and was promptly bombed again.

　

 The former US viceroy in Baghdad, Paul Bremer, estimated the loss of the pipeline cost Iraq $7 million a day in lost revenue, or $200 million a month. The April 24th attacks against Iraq's two offshore terminals in the south caused minimal damage.

　

 But if they had been seriously damaged, or even destroyed, the economic consequences for Iraq - and the US occupation - could have been disastrous. Indeed, attacks on offshore platforms - though several have been stormed off southern Nigeria - and tankers have been rare, although attacks on land-based energy installations have increased in recent years, and more should certainly be expected.

　

 Washington recently offered to deploy US Marines and Special Forces troops on high-speed vessels to protect the strategic oil tanker route through the Straits of Malacca, which links the Indian Ocean and the South China Sea and is considered highly vulnerable to attack. Malaysia turned that down as an infringement of its sovereignty, but has been tightening maritime security with its neighbors.

　

 Still, US Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld declared in Singapore on June 4th that he hopes US forces would "pretty soon" be hunting terrorists in Southeast Asia: "We simply cannot wait for another attack and expect to defend against it."

　

 Located between the Malay Peninsula and the Indonesian island of Sumatra, the Malacca Strait is the fastest route around the southernmost tip of continental Asia and a vital energy artery from the Middle East to Asia. More than one-quarter of the world's trade and oil, including 80 percent of Japan's oil imports, pass through the narrow, 900 kilometer waterway. It is already plagued by pirates, but security chiefs fear it is also a potential magnet for terrorists.

　

 The maritime choke points in the Middle East - the Suez Canal and the Bab el-Mandeb Straits at either end of the Red Sea, another region infested with pirates; the Strait of Hormuz, the only way in and out of the Gulf, or the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles in Turkey - are also high-risk zones.

　

 Al-Qaeda's suicide bombing of the French supertanker Limburg in the Gulf of Aden on October 6, 2002, as it headed for Asia with 400,000 barrels of Saudi crude, was a wake-up call. The bombers rammed a small boat loaded with explosives into the tanker, a tactic first used by Tamil Tiger rebels against the Sri Lankan Navy in the 1980s. Al-Qaeda had holed the US destroyer Cole in Aden on October 2000 in the same manner. On November 7, 2000, a Hamas suicide bomber tried unsuccessfully to ram an Israeli patrol craft in the Mediterranean of the Gaza coast, a rare maritime attack by the Palestinians.

　

 There have been no known attacks on tankers since the Limburg, although extremists in Morocco were planning attacks on ships traversing the narrow Gibraltar Strait, the western gateway to the Mediterranean, in 2002 before they were arrested. But the Al-Qaeda and Hamas operations underline the threat of maritime terrorism. In that regard, a US Navy battle group is scheduled to make a "show of force" in the oil-rich waters of the Gulf of Guinea, off West Africa.

　

 Offshore oil production there, in the deep waters of the Atlantic, is an increasingly important source of energy for the United States. But there is growing unrest, brought on in part by the oil strikes, and Al-Qaeda is reported to be moving into the region.

　

 Oil fields in Nigeria, Africa's biggest producer, are increasingly under attack by tribal groups and others. Two Americans working for ChevronTexaco were killed by river pirates on April 23rd, the latest in a growing line of fatalities. Sooner rather than later, it may turn out that West Africa's oil may be no safer than the Middle East's.

　

 Meanwhile, the London-based International Maritime Bureau, which monitors security on the world's oceans, reported in 2003 that a suspiciously high number of tugboats were being hijacked in the Malacca Strait. The agency warned shipping authorities that these could be packed with explosives and rammed into tankers carrying gas or petroleum products, or into port facilities, particularly those close to high-density population centers.

　

 The burgeoning trade in liquefied natural gas because of the ever-rising demand for energy in Asia and the United States, much of which goes through the Straits of Malacca, heightens both the threat and the potential devastation such terrorist forays could produce. The bureau's Piracy Reporting Center also noted another disturbing change in the pattern of pirate attacks.

　

 In the past, the marauders tended to board ships to steal money or valuable cargo. Now they often try to steal ships to order, pointing to an emerging collaboration between criminal gangs and invisible paymasters who may well be transnational terrorists. Largely Muslim Southeast Asia has become a hornet's nest of expanding activity by extremists in the last couple of years.

　

 Some militant groups like the Tamil Tigers have successfully waged anti-shipping campaigns, developing dedicated maritime commandos with underwater capabilities, including demolition. Those kind of operations put coastal refineries and oil loading terminals at risk, and the Gulf states are seeking to develop underwater surveillance systems to protect their facilities.

　

 Indonesia, the most populous Muslim country in the world, the Philippines, Malaysia and, more recently, Thailand are all plagued by Islamic violence - and all are considered high-risk piracy zones as well.

　

 The Straits of Malacca and Singapore are one of the busiest straits in the world shipping routes. The waters in the region are also full of threats. The piracy and terrorism are critical issues for the shipping industry nowadays.

　

 The Malacca Strait is of most importance to China because most of the imported oils are carried by sea through the Strait. And eighty percent of the imported oils are from the Middle East, the oil tankers carrying the imported oils to China are often very large crude carriers (VLCC), which have no other shipping routes but the Malacca Strait if these oils are carried to China.

　

 The Malacca Strait faces with the threat of being attacked coming from terrorism, as quoted that the Strait is in a potential danger of being blocked some day. If this happens, then the energy supply chain for China would be very much in disaster. In another words, China whole energy supply is heavily dependant upon the imported oils coming from Middle East.

　

 Several options have been sorted out, but not all of the options are applicable in reality, as far as the financial resources and time scale are concerned. The maintenance of the peace and security in and around the Strait become much important for the sustainable development of the economy in the region.

　

 Joint cooperation of anti-piracy is top priority for the region to keep the shipping sector safer. The international cooperation requires mutual understanding among Asean countries and user states of the Strait. A regional cooperation scheme should be established among the countries concerned, including China, Japan, Korea and so on, the scheme should cover different levels of communication, for example, at government level, at navy level, at shipping company level. The international cooperation should include the exchange of information, ship tracking system, regional ship reporting system, contingency plan for ship and coast security unit etc. further more, financial assistance is also necessary, as well as the technology assistance, training of professional in maritime security for those countries in the region and the Strait.

　

 With the increase of China national economy power, China should use more internationalism to dissolve the doubts from around the world, to ensure the world that China develops for the global peace. The essence of the internationalism for China can be summarized as: dialogue, cooperation, win-win, actively involved in international affairs, mutual development, becoming a responsible power country.

　

 Internationalism places the importance on win-win goals. The international cooperation does not mean to be homogeneous; it is the diversity that makes develop. For being a responsible country, China has demonstrated this by actively involving with the assistance in the Indian Ocean Tsunami, and in the UN peace keeping operations.

　

 With the development of China capacity, the international environment for China has also changed. China diplomacy requires internationalism, which means being reasonable thinking and speaking; China continues to follow its policy that China will never become a superpower.

　

 There are two principles for China's foreign relation, first of all, the national sovereignty and security must be prioritized. The internationalism does not mean to surpass or abandon the nationalism. Secondly, on the condition that the national basic interests are well protected, China shall be actively involved with the international cooperation, to set up the excellent image on the international political stage, to enhance the national "soft power", then to raise the national overall capability.

　

 In conclusion, China diplomacy requires internationalism to cope with its national interests, to be responsible for the international society. This is due to the Chinese culture, and interests, as well due to its economy power growth. The peaceful international cooperation can ensure the safety and security of the Straits of Malacca and Singapore, can protect the shipping lanes in the Indian Ocean and South China Seas, and the whole region of the Asia. To keep the Strait safer and more secure will consequently maintain the safe shipping in the region, and safe supply chain of the energy for China and the region.

　

　

Wang Yi, "Asia Region Cooperation and the Relationship between China and Japan", Chinese Ambassador speech at Japanese University, January, 2005

　

Chen Weixiong, Speech at International Conference on Combating Terrorist, Chinese Delegation, Saudi Arabia, 2004

　

Men Honghua, "on the Interest of China Security", Teaching and Study, 2004, Vol. 8

　

China Weekly News, June 2004.

　

Energy, Malacca Strait, China energy crisis, http://finance.memail.net, Dec. 2004.

　

Global Times, China Diplomacy Requires Internationalism, March 2005.