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21.5 Criteria for special requirements in chapter 15 to be included in column o
21.5.1 The assignment of special requirements in column o shall normally follow clear criteria based on the data supplied in the reporting form. Where it is considered appropriate to deviate from such criteria, this shall be clearly documented in such a way that it can easily be retrieved on demand.
21.5.2 The criteria for making reference to the special requirements identified in chapters 15 and 16 are defined below with comments where relevant.
21.5.3 Paragraphs 15.2 to 15.10 and 15.20
21.5.3.1 Paragraphs 15.2 to 15.10 and 15.20 identify specific products by name with special carriage requirements that cannot be easily accommodated in any other way.
21.5.4 Paragraph 15.11 - Acids
21.5.4.1 Paragraph 15.11 applies to all acids unless they:
.1 are organic acids - when only paragraphs 15.11.2 to 15.11.4 and paragraphs 15.11.6 to 15.11.8 apply; or
.2 do not evolve hydrogen - when paragraph 15.11.5 need not apply.
21.5.5 Paragraph 15.12 - Toxic products
21.5.5.1 All of paragraph 15.12 is added to column o according to the following criteria:
Inhalation LC50 ≤2 mg/l/4 h; and/or
the product is a respiratory sensitizer; and/or
the product is toxic to mammals by prolonged exposure.
21.5.5.2 Paragraph 15.12.3 is added to column o according to the following criteria:
Inhalation LC50 >2 - ≤10 mg/l/4 h; and/or
Dermal LD50 ≤1000 mg/kg; and/or
Oral LD50 ≤300 mg/kg.
21.5.5.3 Paragraph 15.12.4 is added to column o according to the following criterion:
Inhalation LC50 >2 - ≤10 mg/l/4 h.
21.5.6 Paragraph 15.13 - Cargoes protected by additives
21.5.6.1 The requirement to assign paragraph 15.13 to column o is based on the information related to the products tendency to polymerise, decompose, oxidise or undergo other chemical changes which may cause a hazard under normal carriage conditions and which would be prevented by the addition of appropriate additives.
21.5.7 Paragraph 15.14 - Cargoes with a vapour pressure greater than atmospheric at 37.8℃
21.5.7.1 The requirement to assign paragraph 15.14 to column o is based on the following criterion:
Boiling point ≤37.8℃
21.5.8 Paragraph 15.16 - Cargo contamination
21.5.8.1 Paragraph 15.16.1 is deleted.
21.5.8.2 Paragraph 15.16.2 is added to column o according to the following criterion:
WRI≥1
21.5.9 Paragraph 15.17 - Increased ventilation requirements
21.5.9.1 Paragraph 15.17 shall be added to column o according to the following criteria:
Inhalation LC50 >0.5 - ≤2 mg/l/4 h; and/or
Respiratory sensitizer; and/or
Toxic to mammals by prolonged exposure; and/or
Corrosive to skin (≤1 h exposure time).
21.5.10 Paragraph 15.18 - Special cargo pump-room requirements
21.5.10.1 Paragraph 15.18 shall be added to column o according to the following criterion:
Inhalation LC50 ≤0.5 mg/l/4 h
21.5.11 Paragraph 15.19 - Overflow control
21.5.11.1 Paragraph 15.19 shall be added to column o according to the following criteria:
Inhalation LC50 ≤2 mg/l/4 h; and/or
Dermal LD50 ≤1000 mg/kg; and/or
Oral LD50 ≤ 300 mg/kg; and/or
Respiratory sensitizer; and/or
Corrosive to skin (≤ 3 min exposure); and/or
Autoignition temperature ≤200℃; and/or
Explosive range ≥40% v/v in air and flash point <23℃; and/or
Classified as ship type 1 on pollution grounds.
21.5.11.2 Only paragraph 15.19.6 shall apply if the product has any of the following properties:
Inhalation LC50 >2 mg/l/4h - ≤10 mg/l/4 h; and/or
Dermal LD50 > 1000 mg/kg - ≤ 2000 mg/kg; and/or
Oral LD50 > 300 mg/kg - ≤ 2000 mg/kg; and/or
Skin sensitizer; and/or
Corrosive to skin (> 3 min - ≤1 h exposure); and/or
Flash point ≤60℃; and/or
Classified as ship type 2 on pollution grounds; and/or
Pollution category X or Y.
21.5.12 Paragraph 15.21 - Temperature sensors
21.5.12.1 Paragraph 15.21 is added to column o according to the heat sensitivity of the product. This requirement is related to pumps in cargo pump rooms only.
21.6 Criteria for special requirements in chapter 16 to be included in column o
21.6.1 Paragraphs 16.1 to 16.2.5 and 16.3 to 16.5
21.6.1.1 These apply to all cargoes and so are not referenced specifically in column o.
21.6.2 Paragraph 16.2.6
21.6.2.1 Paragraph 16.2.6 is added to column o for products, which meet the following criteria:
Pollution Category X or Y and viscosity ≥50 mPa.s at 20℃
21.6.3 Paragraph 16.2.9
21.6.3.1 Paragraph 16.2.9 is added to column o for products, which meet the following criterion:
Melting point ≥0℃.
21.6.4 Paragraph 16.6 . Cargo not to be exposed to excessive heat
21.6.4.1 Paragraphs 16.6.2 to 16.6.4 are added to column o for products, which are identified as requiring temperature control during carriage.
21.7 Definitions
21.7.1 Acute mammalian toxicity
21.7.1.1 Acutely toxic by inhalation*
| Inhalation toxicity (LC50) |
| Hazard level |
mg/l/4 h |
| High |
≤0.5 |
| Moderately high |
>0.5 - ≤2 |
| Moderate |
>2 - ≤10 |
| Slight |
>10 - ≤20 |
| Negligible |
>20 |
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21.7.1.2 Acutely toxic in contact with skin
| Dermal toxicity (LD50) |
| Hazard Level |
mg/kg |
| High |
≤50 |
| Moderately high |
>50 - ≤200 |
| Moderate |
>200 - ≤1000 |
| Slight |
>1000 - ≤2000 |
| Negligible |
>2000 |
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21.7.1.3 Acutely toxic if swallowed
| Oral toxicity (LD50) |
| Hazard Level |
mg/kg |
| High |
≤5 |
| Moderately High |
>5 - ≤50 |
| Moderate |
>50 - ≤300 |
| Slight |
>300 - ≤2000 |
| Negligible |
>2000 |
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* All inhalation toxicity data are assumed to be associated with vapours and not mists or sprays, unless indicated otherwise.
21.7.2 Toxic to mammals by prolonged exposure
21.7.2.1 A product is classified as toxic by prolonged exposure if it meets any of the following criteria: it is known to be, or suspected of being a carcinogen, mutagen, reprotoxic, neurotoxic, immunotoxic or exposure below the lethal dose is known to cause specific organ oriented systemic toxicity (TOST) or other related effects.
21.7.2.2 Such effects may be identified from the GESAMP Hazard Profile of the product or other recognized sources of such information.
21.7.3 Skin sensitization
21.7.3.1 A product is classified as a skin sensitizer:
.1 if there is evidence in humans that the substance can induce sensitization by skin contact in a substantial number of persons; or
.2 where there are positive results from an appropriate animal test.
21.7.3.2 When an adjuvant type test method for skin sensitization is used, a response of at least 30% of the animals is considered as positive. For a non-adjuvant test method a response of at least 15% of the animals is considered positive.
21.7.3.3 When a positive result is obtained from the Mouse Ear Swelling Test (MEST) or the Local Lymph Node Assay (LLNA), this may be sufficient to classify the product as a skin sensitizer.
21.7.4 Respiratory sensitization
21.7.4.1 A product is classified as a respiratory sensitizer:
.1 if there is evidence in humans that the substance can induce specific respiratory hypersensitivity; and/or
.2 where there are positive results from an appropriate animal test; and/or
.3 where the product is identified as a skin sensitizer and there is no evidence to show that it is not a respiratory sensitizer.
21.7.5 Corrosive to skin*
| Hazard Level |
Exposure time to cause full thickness necrosis of skin |
Observation time |
| Severely corrosive to skin |
≤ 3 min |
≤1 h |
| Highly corrosive to skin |
> 3 min - ≤ 1 h |
≤14 days |
| Moderately corrosive to skin |
> 1 h - ≤ 4 h |
≤14 days |
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* Products that are corrosive to skin are, for the purpose of assigning relevant carriage requirements, deemed to be corrosive by inhalation.
21.7.6 Water reactive substances
21.7.6.1 These are classified into three groups as follows:
Water reactive index
(WRI) |
Definition |
| 2 |
Any chemical which, in contact with water, may produce a toxic, flammable or corrosive gas or aerosol. |
| 1 |
Any chemical which, in contact with water, may generate heat or produce a non-toxic, non-flammable or non corrosive gas. |
| 0 |
Any chemical which, in contact with water, would not undergo a reaction to justify a value of 1 or 2. |
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21.7.7 Air reactive substances
21.7.7.1 Air reactive substances are products which react with air to cause a potentially hazardous situation, e.g. the formation of peroxides which may cause an explosive reaction.
21.7.8 Electrical apparatus - Temperature Class (for products which either have a flashpoint of ≤60℃ or are heated to within 15℃ of their flashpoint)
21.7.8.1 The Temperature Class is defined by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) as:
The highest temperature attained under practical conditions of operation within the rating of the apparatus (and recognized overloads, if any, associated therewith) by any part of any surface, the exposure of which to an explosive atmosphere may involve a risk.
21.7.8.2 The Temperature Class of the electrical apparatus is assigned by selecting the Maximum Surface Temperature which is closest to, but less than, the product's autoignition temperature (see 21.4.9.1.1).
21.7.9 Electrical apparatus - Apparatus group (for products with a flashpoint of ≤60℃)
21.7.9.1 This refers to intrinsically safe and associated electrical apparatus for explosive gas atmospheres which the IEC divide into the following groups:
Group I: for mines susceptible to firedamp (not used by IMO); and
Group II:
for applications in other industries - further sub-divided according to its Maximum Experimental Safe Gap (MESG) and/or the Minimum Igniting Current (MIC) of the gas/vapour into groups IIA, IIB and IIC.
21.7.9.2 This property cannot be determined from other data associated with the product; it has to be either measured or assigned by assimilation with related products in an homologous series.
21.7.10 Special carriage control conditions
21.7.10.1 Special carriage control conditions refer to specific measures that need to be taken in order to either prevent a hazardous reaction. They include:
.1 Inhibition: the addition of a compound (usually organic) that retards or stops an undesired chemical reaction such as corrosion, oxidation or polymerization;
.2 Stabilization: the addition of a substance (stabilizer) that tends to keep a compound, mixture or solution from changing its form or chemical nature. Such stabilizers may retard a reaction rate, preserve a chemical equilibrium, act as antioxidants, keep pigments and other components in emulsion form or prevent the particles in colloidal suspension from precipitating;
.3 Inertion: the addition of a gas (usually nitrogen) in the ullage space of a tank that prevents the formation of a flammable cargo/air mixture;
.4 Temperature control: the maintenance of a specific temperature range for the cargo in order to prevent a hazardous reaction or to keep the viscosity low enough to allow the product to be pumped; and
.5 Padding and venting: only applies to specific products identified on a case by case basis.
21.7.11 Flammable cargoes
21.7.11.1 A cargo is defined as flammable according to the following criteria:
| IBC Code descriptor |
Flash point (degrees Centigrade) |
| Highly flammable |
< 23 |
| Flammable |
≤ 60 but ≥ 23 |
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21.7.11.2 It should be noted that flash points of mixtures and aqueous solutions need to be measured unless all of the components are non-flammable.
21.7.11.3 It should be noted that the carriage of bulk liquid cargoes which have a flash point of ≤60℃ is subject to other SOLAS regulations.
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