This is a pangrave containing 5 burials nos. (50-79 A), (50-79 B), (50-79 C), (50-79 D) and (50-79 E) in addition to a large collection of mixed bones.

 The bones of this individual are very friable and fragmented. It belongs to an old adult male over 60 years of age. The available bones are:

* Skull: fragmented, very thick bones, the diploe are absent (pl. 1-8).

* Upper limb bones: broken.

- Humerus: the lower end of left humerus shows marked osteoarthritis with pitting and bony projections (pl. 1-9).

- Hand bones: carpals, metacarpals and phalanges.

* Lower limb bones (table 5): broken.

- Innominate bone: shows osteoarthritis in the lunate surface of the acetabulum in the form of pitting and roughness (pl. 2-10).

- Femur: right and left. The heads show marked osteoarthriris (pl. 2-11). The condyles also show signs of osteoarthritis.

- Tibia: right and left, the tibial plateau on both sides show pitting, roughness and bony prominences which are signs of osteoarthritis (pl. 2-12).

- Patella: both right and left patellae show osteoarthritis (pl. 2-13).

- Foot bones: the head of talus shows marked degenerative changes and osteoarthritis (pl. 2-14).

* Ribs: fragmented. The medial end of the 1^st rib shows degenerative changes.

* Vertebrae:

- Cervical vertebrae: there is pitting in the bodies of the 5^th and the 6^th vertebrae (color pl. 4-6, pl. 2-15).

- Thoracic vertebrae: there are osteophytes, Schmorl's nodes and trabeculation in the bodies especially of lower thoracic vertebrae.

- Lumbar vertebrae: there are marked osteophytosis and lipping at the upper margin of the bodies. The upper surfaces show bony projections (color pl. 4-7, pl. 2-16). The 4^th lumbar vertebra shows a cavity on its upper surface probably due to metastasis (pl. 2-17).

 This is an incomplete skeleton belonging to an infant aged 18 months. The available bones are:

* Skull bones:

- Parietal bone shows vascular foramina and grooves on the outer surface radiating from the region of the parietal eminence.

- Orbital roof shows cribra orbitalia in the form of line vascular foramina.

- Maxilla shows the erupted 1^st milk molar.

* Mandible: 2 halves fused, central and lateral incisors and the 1^st milk molar are erupted.

* Upper limb bones (table 7):

- Left scapula, left clavicle, left humerus, left radius and ulna.

* Lower limb bones (table 8):

- The 3 parts of the left innominate bone (ilium, ischium and pubis).

- Left femur, left tibia and left fibula.

* Vertebrae: all neural arches are fused posteriorly but not fused with the bodies of the vertebrae.

 This burial consists of few bones belonging to an infant aged 6 months. The available bones are:

* Mandible: 2 separate halves with no erupted teeth.

* Upper limb bones (table 7):

- Humerus (right and left), right broken ulna.

* Lower limb bones (table 8):

- Innominate bones: ilium (right and left), ischium (right and left), right pubis.

- Right femur.

 It is an incomplete skeleton belonging to an infant aged 6 months. The available bones are:

* Skull bones: few separate bones.

* Mandible: 2 separate halves with no erupted teeth.

* Upper limb bones (table 7):

- Scapula (right and left), left clavicle, humerus (right and left), left radius, ulna (right and left).

* Lower limb bones (table 8):

- Innominate bone: ilium (right and left).

- Fibula (right and left).

* Vertebrae: separate centra and all neural arches are in halves.

 Few bones belonging to an infant under 6 months of age. These bones are:

* Mandible: only one half is present, without erupted teeth.

* Upper limb bones (table 7):

- Scapula (right and left), clavicle (right and left), left humerus.

* Lower limb bones (table 8):

- Right femur and right tibia.

1. Adult Bones:

- Hand and foot bones only.

2. Immature Bones:

* Skulls: one complete skull and some separate bones.

* Mandibles:

- 2 complete mandibles (6 months - 2 years of age).

- separate halves (under 6 months).

* Upper limb bones (table 7):

- Scapula (3 right and 3 left), clavicle (3 right and 3 left), humerus (4 right and 3 left), radius and ulna (3 right and 3 left).

* Lower limb bones (table 8):

- Innominate bones: ilium (3 right and 4 left), ischium (5 right and 4 left) and pubis (4 right and 3 left).

- Femur (3 right and 4 left), tibia and fibula (5 right and 5 left).

- Foot bones: calcaneus (4), talus (3).

- Ribs: right and left ribs.

* Vertebrae:

- 60 separate centra, 41 fused neural arches and 71 separate halves of neural arches.

　

 This tomb contains 1 burial no. (48-76).

 This is an almost complete skeleton belonging to an infant aged 6 months. The available bones are:

* Separate skull bones:

- Parietal bone: shows slight porotic hyperostosis.

- Sphenoid bone: separate parts.

- Occipital bone: separate parts.

- Temporal bone: united squamous and petrous parts.

* Mandible: 2 separate halves with the central incisors just erupting.

* Upper limb bones (table 7):

- Scapula (right and left), clavicle (right and left), right humerus (broken), radius and ulna (right and left).

- Hand bones: some metacarpals and phalanges.

* Lower limb bones (table 8):

- Innominate bones: ilium (right and left), ischium (right and left) and pubis (right and left).

- Femur (right and left), tibia and fibula (right and left).

- Foot bones: calcaneus (right and left), some metatarsals and phalanges.

* Ribs: complete number.

* Vertebrae: separate centra, complete neural arches (7) and separate (38) halves of neural arches.

　

 This tomb contains 1 individual no. (49-77).

 This is a complete skeleton of an infant under 6 months of age. The available bones are:

* Skull bones: few separate bones.

* Mandible: 2 separate halves with no erupted teeth.

* Upper limb bones (table 7):

- Scapula (right and left), clavicle (right and left), humerus (right and left), radius and ulna (right and left).

- Hand bones: some metacarpals and phalanges.

* Lower limb bones (table 8):

- Innominate bones: right and left ilium, ischium and pubis.

- Femur (right and left), tibia and fibula (right and left).

- Foot bones: metatarsals and phalanges.

* Ribs: almost complete number.

* Vertebrae: separate centra and neural arches, some of which are fused and some in halves.

　

 This is a common grave which contains 5 individuals nos. (1-68), (1-69 A), (1-69 B), (1-70), (1-71) in addition to a mixed collection of bones.

 This is an almost complete skeleton belonging to an old adult female aged over 60 years. The bones are:

* Skull (table 2): complete with markedly long styloid processes.

* Mandible: broken.

* Thyroid cartilage ossified.

* Upper limb bones (table 4):

- Scapula (right and left): bilateral osteoarthritis in the clavicular facet of the acromion. New facets are seen on the under surface of the acromion due to impingement of the head of the humerus (pl. 2-18).

- Clavicle (right and left): with pitting of both ends of the 2 clavicles more marked on the medial end of the left clavicle.

- Humerus (right and left): both show areas of pitting and osteophytosis on the top of the head as well as the greater and lesser tubercles (pl. 2-19).

-Radius and ulna: right and left.

- Hand bones: carpals (7), all metacarpals and some phalanges.

* Lower limb bones (tables 5, 6):

- Innominate bones (right and left): they show the following features:

1. The symphysis pubis shows marked degenerative changes.

2. The auricular surface on both sides shows osteoarthritis in the form of pitting.

3. A deep groove is seen on the inner aspect of the body of the pubis close to the symphysis on both sides, a probable indication of repeated pregnancies (multigravida).

4. Bilateral very deep preauricular sulcus.

- Femur (right and left): The lateral condyle of left femur shows marked osteoarthritis in the form of pitting, roughness and new bone formation (pl. 3-20).

- Right tibia: its lateral condyle shows osteoarthritis and degenerative changes in the form of pitting, roughness and new bone formation.

- Patella (right and left): both show osteoarthritis and degenerative changes on their articular surfaces (pl. 3-21).

* Sternum: manubrium fused with the body.

* Ribs: complete and some are fragmented.

* Vertebrae:

- Cervical vertebrae (complete): they show the following features:

1. The atlas vertebra shows bilateral bony bridge over the groove for the vertebral artery (pl. 3-22).

2. There is slight osteophytosis especially in the 7^th cervical vertebra.

- Thoracic vertebrae (complete): they show the following features:

1. Two of the thoracic vertebrae show fissure fracture in their bodies (pl. 3-23).

2. Marked osteophytosis in nearly all the vertebrae.

3. The 10^th, 11^th and 12^th vertebrae show osteoarthritis in the costal articular surfaces found on the sides of the bodies and on the transverse processes.

4. The lower thoracic vertebrae show marked osteophytosis especially at the upper margins of their bodies forming shelf-like projections sloping downwards.

- Lumbar vertebrae: all are present Marked osteoarthritis is seen in the lower articular facets of the diarthrodial joints of the 5^th lumbar vertebra.

- Sacrum: the following findings are seen:

1. Sacralization of the coccyx.

2. The superior articular facets show marked osteoarthritis (pl. 3-24).

3. The auricular surfaces show pitting and degenerative changes (color pl. 4-8, pl. 3-25).

 This is an incomplete skeleton which belongs to an adult male aged 45 years. The available bones are:

* Complete skull (table 2): the upper teeth show a slight degree of enamel hypoplasia.

* Mandible (table 3): its teeth show a slight degree of enamel hypoplasia (pl. 3-26).

* A complete hyoid bone and an ossified thyroid cartilage.

* Upper limb bones (table 4):

- Scapula (right and left), clavicle (right and left), humerus (right and left).

- Hand bones: one carpal bone, metacarpals (6) and phalanges (17).

* Lower limb bones (tables 5, 6):

- Innominate bones (right and left), femur (right and left), tibia and fibula (tight and left).

- Foot bones: calcaneus (right and left), talus (right and left), phalanges (2).

* Sternum: manubrium, body and xiphoid all are fused together.

* Ribs: almost all ribs are present.

* Vertebrae:

- Cervical vertebrae: all are present.

- Thoracic vertebrae: all are present.

1. The 1^st thoracic vertebra shows splitted spine and an additional facet on the upper border of the root of the spine (pl. 3-27).

2. The lower surface of each of the lower thoracic vertebrae shows anteroposterior grooves cutting in the posterior margin, probably due to posterior disk herniation (pl. 3-28).

- Lumbar vertebrae: the 3^rd lumbar vertebra shows marked osteophytosis on the upper anterior margin of its body.

- Sacrum: shows spina bifida.

 This is an incomplete skeleton of a young adult female aged 23-25 years. The bones present are:

* Skull: wrapped with decorated bands of cloth.

* Mandible (table 3): most of its teeth are present.

* Upper limb bones (table 4):

- Scapula: (right and left), clavicle (right and left) with the medial epiphyses being not fused, humerus (right and broken left), radius and ulna (right and left).

- Hand bones: carpal bones (9), metacarpals (7) and phalanges (14).

* Lower limb bones (tables 5, 6):

- Innominate bone: left only, the epiphyses of iliac crest and ischial tuberosity are not completely fused.

There is a deep preauricular sulcus.

- Foot bones: right calcaneus, right talus, right and left cuboid bones.

* Ribs: all are present but some are incomplete.

* Vertebrae:

- Cervical vertebrae: 5 only.

- Thoracic vertebrae: all are present.

- Lumbar vertebrae: all are present.

- The annular epiphyses on the surfaces of the bodies of many vertebrae are not yet completely fused.

* Sacrum: shows spina bifida, the fusion of the 1^st sacral segment is partial.

 This is an incomplete skeleton belonging to an adult male aged 40 years. The available bones are:

* Skull (table 2) and mandible (table 3).

* Upper limb bones (table 4):

- Scapula (right and left), calvicle (right and left), humerus (right and left),

- Radius and ulna (right and left). The radius shows rough radial tuberosities.

* Lower limb bones (tables 5, 6):

- Left innominate bone, femur (broken right and left), tibia and fibula (right and left).

- Foot bones: tarsal bones (6), metatarsals (5) and phalanges (6).

* Sternum: separate manubrium and body.

* Ribs: nearly all are present but most of them are incomplete.

* Vertebrae:

- Cervical vertebrae: only 4 vertebrae are found.

- Thoracic vertebrae: all are present, some of which show slight osteophytosis.

- Lumbar vertebrae: only the 5^th lumbar vertebra is present and shows osteophytes at the upper margin of its body.

* Sacrum: consists of 6 sacral vertebrae due to sacralization of the 1^st coccygeal vertebra.

 This is an incomplete skeleton belonging to an adult male aged 40 years. The available bones are:

* Partly ossified thyroid cartilage.

* Upper limb bones (table 4):

- Left scapula, clavicle (right and left), humerus (right and left), radius and ulna (right and left).

- Hand bones: one carpal bone, metacarpals (8) and phalanges (3).

* Lower limb bones (tables 5, 6):

- Innominate bones (right and left), left femur.

- Foot bones: calcaneus (right and left), talus (right and left), left navicular, right medial cuneiform, metatarsals (10) and phalanges (5).

* Ribs: right (6) and left (10) many of which are incomplete.

* Vertebrae:

- Cervical vertebrae: only 6 are present, the 7^th vertebra shows osteoarthritis of the inferior articular surfaces of the diarthrodial joints.

- Thoracic vertebrae:

1. The 1^st vertebra shows osteoarthritis of the inferior articular surfaces of the diarthrodial joints.

2. The bodies of two of the thoracic vertebrae found show elongated anteroposterior grooves on their under surfaces, cutting into the posterior margins of the vertebral bodies (pl. 3-29).

- Lumbar vertebrae: all are present and show slight osteophytosis.

1. Adult Bones: include:

* Skull: separate broken bones.

* Two hyoid bones.

* Ossified thyroid and cricoid cartilages.

* Upper limb bones (table 4):

- Radius (1 right and 1 left), ulna (1 right and 1 left).

- Mixed hand bones.

* Lower limb bones:

- One right innominate bone, one right femur.

- Mixed foot bones.

* A lumbar rib.

* Three thoracic vertebrae and sacrum.

2. Immature Bones: include:

* Skull: one complete skull in addition to separate parietal bones and maxillae.

* Mandible: 6 separate halves.

* Upper limb bones (table 7):

-Scapula: (4 right and 1 left), clavicle (1 right and 2 left), humerus (2 right and 3 left), radius (5 right and 7 left), ulna (3 right and 3 left).

* Lower limb bones (table 8):

- Innominate bones: ilium (2 right and 3 left), one left ischium.

- Femur (4 right and 5 left), tibia (4 right and 4 left), 6 broken fibulae.

- A large number of mixed hand and foot bones.

* A lot of ribs.

　

 This tomb contains 1 burial no. (46-74).

 It contains immature bones belonging to a fetus about 6-8 months intrauterine. The bones found are:

* Skull bones.

* Upper limb bones (table 7):

- Scapula (right and left), clavicle (right and left), left humerus and left ulna.

* Lower limb bones (table 8):

- Innominate bones: left ilium and left ischium.

- Femur (right and left), tibia and fibula (right and left).

* Ribs: almost all are present.

* Vertebrae: separate bodies and separate neural arches (in halves).

　

 This tomb contains 2 individuals nos. (47-75 A) and (47-75 B).

 This burial consists of very few bones of an infant 6 months of age.

 It consists of very few bones of a newly born infant.

　

 This tomb contains 1 individual no. (8-2003).

 This is an incomplete skeleton belonging to an infant aged 12 months. The available bones are:

* Skull bones: a temporal bone showing rudimentary mastoid process and incomplete tympanic ring.

* Upper limb bones:

- Scapula (right and left), clavicle (right and left), humerus (right and left), radius and ulna (right and left).

* Lower limb bones:

- Innominate bones: ilium (right and left) and ischium (right and left).

* Vertebrae: separate centra and complete neural arches.