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10 Measurements and reporting
This section summarises measurements that must be reported:
10.1 Oil properties
The following test oil properties should be measured prior to testing:
| ・ |
Viscosity (cP) at the test temperature and at 20℃ for reference
purposes. Viscosity should be reported at shear rates of 1, 10 and 100 s-1.
At least two of these must be measured, while the third may be determined by extrapolation
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| ・ |
The density of the test mineral oil has to be ≦0,99 kg/l
at +15℃, oil and water temperature have to be +15℃(±2℃). The oil thickness on
the test basin depends on the class of viscosity :
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| ・ |
Density (kg/l) at test temperature and at 20℃
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| ・ |
Pour point (℃)
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| ・ |
Wax content (%)
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| ・ |
Water content (%). Note that this must be measured for emulsions
as well as for water-free oil, to identify any entrained water. |
In addition measurements may include the following (optional):
| ・ |
Asphaltene content (%)
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| ・ |
Oil/water interfacial tension (mN/m)
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| ・ |
Droplet size distribution in emulsions, or droplet size range
(μm) |
After testing, the water content in the oil must be measured to determine the emulsification factor (EF).
10.2 Environmental parameters
The following environmental parameters must be measured and recorded for each test:
| ・ |
Air temperature (℃).
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| ・ |
Water temperature (℃).
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| ・ |
Current velocity upstream of the oil slick (m/s).
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| ・ |
Wave height (m), length (m) and period (s). |
10.3 Skimmer operating parameters
The settings of the skimmer operating parameters must be reported. These may include:
| ・ |
speed of adhesion surfaces,
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| ・ |
pump speed,
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| ・ |
drafts,
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| ・ |
angles. |
Other test parameters
Other test parameters that should be recorded include:
| ・ |
Oil distribution rate (m3/h)
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| ・ |
Clearances to sides and tank bottom (m)
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| ・ |
Slick thickness (mm)
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| ・ |
Slick length (m) |
Recovery parameters
For each measurement, the following must be recorded:
| ・ |
Total recovered fluid quantity (m3)
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| ・ |
Recovered oil quantity (m3)
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| ・ |
Recovered water quantity (m3)
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| ・ |
Duration of measuring period (min) |
Performance parameters (calculated parameters)
Based on the recovery parameters (0), the following performance parameters must be calculated and reported ( see section 8):
| ・ |
Fluid recovery rate (FRR)
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| ・ |
Oil recovery rate (ORR)
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| ・ |
Recovery efficiency (RE)
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| ・ |
Emulsification factor (EF) |
For each test condition, the maximum recovery rate must be estimated from the performance data and reported along with the associated optimum skimmer setting.
8.)Test documentation and certification
The progress of the test has to be taken down on records. (A form to be developed later)
Over and above the above test readings, the certificate shall mention :
Operation principle as per ISO(CD) 17892
Actual water and ambient temperature
Specification of the test specimen as per 4)
Testing institute, place, name of tester and date
11 Bibliography
| /1/ |
Standard for Assessment of Safety, Functionality and Quality
of Oil Spill Skimmers, Det Norske Veritas 2002. |
| /2/ |
ISO/FDIS 16165 Ships and marine Technology. Marine Environmental
Protection. Terminology relating to oil spill response |
|
/3/
|
Procedure for Preparation of Water-in-oil Emulsion for Testing
of Oil Spill Response Equipment, Det Norske Veritas 2002. |
WORKING DRAFT
ISO/WD 21072
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