¹Alpha Hydraulic Engineering Consulting Company Inc. Sapporo, JAPAN

kawamori@ahec.co.jp

　

²Coastsphere Systems Institute Inc. Sapporo, JAPAN

cosinehk@smile.ocn.ne.j.p

　

The flow area of a tidal inlet is the most important parameter to dominate its hydraulic and environmental conditions. Thus many coastal researchers have devoted to the problem to predict the flow area. O'Brien (1931) had proposed an equation to predict the flow area A_e as a function of tidal prism, P. On the basis of the data of inlets in Pacific coast of U.S. as

　

　

This relationship had later been surveyed by several researchers, such as Jarrett (1976) for U.S. inlets and Shigemura (1976) for Japanese inlets both of whom had pointed out the oceanographically results.

　

Per Bruun (1978) had investigated inlets of Europe, the U.S. and other continents and proposed the linear relationship between A_e and P., while the effect of littoral drift and of tidal period had been studied. The linear relationship had also been confirmed by Kawamori (1993) for the inlets of the Okhotsk coast in Japan.

　

Kondo (1975) had derived a formula to predict the water depth which brings the maximum velocity of the tidal entrance, of which existence had been suggested by Escoffier (1940). That formula is

　

　

where a_s and T are the tidal amplitude and the period, respectively, g is acceleration of gravity and K_s is a coefficient depending on relative strength of littoral drift. Later Kondo had proposed the following formula that takes the littoral drift Mt (m³/year) into account quantitatively.

　

　

Meng (2000) had generalized the above formula on the basis with the data of wider range of Mt.

　

　

Nihon University Funabashi, Chiba, JAPAN

k04001@ocean.cst.nihon-u.ac.jp

　

The provincial cities in Japan started tourism improvement policy which makes possible to escape resources competition and build up excursion type sightseeing program through co-management of tourism resources they own because of weakening of financial budget.

　

However, they also pay attention with sustainable tourism development to destroy natural resources. In this study, we would like to address the eco-tourism as one kind of approaches.

　

The purpose of study is to investigate the possibility of eco-tourism on tourism improvement policy, Shimanami-Virtual-University (here in after SVU), it is operating now, in Higashi-Geiyo-islands Shimanami Kaido area as a sample site, because of its high potential of eco-tourism to revitalization.

　

One of significant objectives is town planning by resident's participation which plays main role in eco-tourism development. And also, it is thought that tourism program of SVU can do its role as Eco-tourism. But, we could get the result that there are not clear vision connected with resource conservation and economic revitalization. So we would like to suggest the needs of research system for effective resource management and management system travel agency can participate.

　

　

Department of Civil Engineering, College of Science & Technology Nihon University Tokyo, JAPAN

takezawa@civil.cst.nihon-u.ac.jp

　

There are fifteen major bays along the shorelines of 35,000 km in Japan. Seven bays of them are the closing type and eight of them are the opening type. Some big bay bridges are planed in Japan recently. The bay bridge across Tokyo Bay started the service of traffic between Kawasaki and Kisarazu in 1997. This paper studied the responses of residents lived around Kisarazu to the service of the Tokyo Bay Aqualine. Kisarazu had been prosperous as a port town for a long time. However, there is no prosperity of a port town recently. The questionnaire for the effects of the Tokyo Bay Aqualine on the local economy and communities was conducted against four hundred local residents in Kisarazu. Results and conclusions are as follows: