That's just one example of a key area that I think needs to be looked at. So one of the questions we were asked to think about is how to use your Earth Simulator and it certainly is truth that this provides excellent opportunity to have a highest resolved solutions with baiu-front and maiu-front properly represented. And it strikes me that probably something is up to be done but it should also be done lower order problem solutions, to lower order models that can resolve some of these parameterization issues. I hope that the earth simulator is used to improve process parameterization and this is going to be a inter-play between lower resolution solutions and higher ones, back and forth and in some way. I would think that is a critical thing to do.
Finally I would just like to applaud the start of ecosystem modeling program as part of frontier. I doubled this in the ocean arena and you can learn a lot about physics from looking at more phytoplankton blooms occurred, for example. And in fact, I have improved, modified a mixed layer model in the Arabian sea because to improve its biology. So it's good inter play here. At the same time I would like to say that it's extremely difficult to develop the systems. And in the US, in a marine community; there is an effort now, I believe, that most people there thinking in terms of global models are trying to develop the simplest ecosystem models, the simplest physics, biophysics, that can then be applied everywhere. What was happening in the ecosystem community, in the oceanic ecosystem community you have a lot of separate models turned for specific regions. The effort now is to develop simplify those models, identify the common processes so that you can develop one model that works everywhere. What you like to do is a mixed layer model in physics. That's all I Iike to say.
Dr. John McGregor (CSIRO):
I think previous speakers covered a lot of what I'd like to say very well. The progress seems most impressive from that I've seen in the last 2 days. I think very much on the right track. This afternoon's talks on the Asian monsoon, I found it particularly interesting. I think I could have an extremely good prospect. With described computer power, you have a many variable experiments you'll have to do and I think it's very important that you obtain state of the art atmosphere and ocean models. There is great problem in coupling theses models, so I think you need to run lots high resolution atmosphere only models and high resolution ocean only models and validate those as much details as you can.. I think you should both of the aiming to reproduce, the sort of result we can get high resolution nested models in your global system. Jerry mentioned non-hydrostatic regional sub models, has been one way to do that. Another option you could use is to apply Schmidt transformation to your global model. Any grid can use the Schmidt transformation and allow them run at 5km or whatever you might run. You can have a few grid points and zoom in, and possibly use nudging approach that I describe today and the similar approach to be useful for the ocean model.
