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MarAd勧告98-06(原文)
Appendix 2
MARAD ADVISORY 98-06
THE PREVENTION AND REPORTING OF HOSTILE INCIDENTS DIRECTED AT MERCHANT SHIPS
OPERATORS OF U.S. FLAG AND EFFECTIVE U.S. CONTROLLED VESSELS
1. HOSTILE ACTIONS DIRECTED AT MERCHANT SHIPPING ARE A PRESENT AND GROWING PROBLEM. THESE HOSTILE ACTIONS INCLUDE PIRACY, THEFT AND TERRORISM.
2. SEVERAL AGENCIES, NATIONALLY AND INTERNATIONALLY, HAVE BEEN INSTITUTED OR DIRECTED TO ASSIST IN COUNTERING THIS PROBLEM. THE FIRST STEP IN CONTROLLING THE PROBLEM IS TO ESTABLISH A RELIABLE DATABASE OF INCIDENTS TO DEFINE THE AREA AND DEGREE OF THE PROBLEM. SUCH A DATABASE HAS BEEN INSTITUTED BY THE NATIONAL IMAGERY AND MAPPING AGENCY (NIMA) AS THE ANTI-SHIPPING ACTIVITY MESSAGE FILE (ASAM). ANY INDIVIDUAL, VESSEL OR COMPANY WITH ACCESS TO THE NIMA NAVINFONET SYSTEM (SEE NIMA PUB 117, CHAPTER 4) MAY RECEIVE INFORMATION FROM, OR SEND REPORTS TO THE SYSTEM. THE SERVICE IS FREE OF CHARGE, EXCEPT FOR CHARGES TO CONNECT WITH THE U.S. COMMERCIAL NUMBER.
3. ANOTHER REPORT MENTIONED IN CHAPTER 4 OF PUB 117, IS THE SHIP HOSTILE ACTION REPORT (SHAR). NIMA HAS ESTABLISHED SHAR PROCEDURES TO DISSEMINATE INFORMATION WITHIN THE U.S. GOVERNMENT ON HOSTILE OR POTENTIALLY HOSTILE ACTIONS AGAINST U.S. MERCHANT SHIPS.
4. IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT NEITHER THE ASAM NOR SHAR REPORTS ARE A DISTRESS MESSAGE. U.S. AND EFFECTIVE U.S. CONTROLLED (EUSC) VESSELS UNDER ATTACK OR THREAT OF ATTACK MAY REQUEST DIRECT ASSISTANCE FROM THE U.S. NAVY BY FOLLOWING THE PROCEDURES IN PART II OF CHAPTER 4, PUB 117.
5. THE INTERNATIONAL CHAMBER OF COMMERCE (ICC), INTERNATIONAL MARITIME BUREAU (IMB), INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION (IMO), AND INMARSAT ESTABLISHED A REGIONAL PIRACY CENTER IN KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA. THE CENTER'S OPERATIONS ARE FINANCED BY VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS FROM SHIPPING AND INSURANCE COMPANIES, AND THE CENTER'S SERVICES ARE PROVIDED FREE OF CHARGE. THE CENTER OPERATES ON A 24-HOUR BASIS. THE CENTER RECEIVES REPORTS OF SUSPICIOUS CRAFT MOVEMENTS AND REPORTS OF PIRACY. THE CENTER ISSUES WARNINGS TO VESSELS OPERATING IN THESE AREAS AND ALERTS THE APPROPRIATE LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES. THE CENTER ISSUES WARNINGS AND REGULAR STATUS REPORTS OF PIRACY VIA THE SAFETYNET SERVICE OF INMARSAT-C VIA THE PACIFIC OCEAN REGION SATELLITE FROM THE SINGAPORE LAND EARTH STATION. THE REGIONAL PIRACY CENTER CAN BE REACHED AT: TEL (011) 60-03-201-0014, FAX (011) 60-03-238-5769, TELEX MA 31880 IMBPCI.
6. COUNTERMEASURES HAVE BEEN EFFECTIVELY USED BY VESSELS TO DETER PIRACY BOARDINGS AND HINDER THEFT. PIRACY COUNTERMEASURES SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN THE SHIP'S SECURITY PLAN, EXERCISED AND UTILIZED WHEN APPROACHING DANGEROUS WATERS. SOME GENERAL PRECAUTIONS INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:
A. BE VIGILANT. ANTICIPATE TROUBLE.
B. PROVIDE A GENERAL ALARM SIGNAL TO ALERT ALL CREW MEMBERS.
C. HAVE WATER HOSES UNDER PRESSURE WITH NOZZLES READY AT LIKELY BOARDING PLACES WHEN AT SEA AND IN PORT.
D. ILLUMINATE SIDES, BOWS, AND QUARTERS WHILE RUNNING IN THREAT AREAS AND IN DANGEROUS PORTS.
E. KEEP A GOOD RADAR AND VISUAL LOOKOUT, INCLUDING LOOKOUT AFT.
F. HAVE SEARCHLIGHTS AVAILABLE TO ILLUMINATE SUSPECTED BOARDING PARTIES.
G. HAVE SIGNALLING AND COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT AVAILABLE FOR IMMEDIATE USE.
