25,000DWT icebreaking bulk/container ship (25BC)
This ship has a draft of 9m and is intended for use in the southerly route and in the regional east and west routes. The 25BC was designed to posses the same icebreaking capability as 40,000DWT ship and to be capable of unescorted navigation for up to eight months. The ship is capable of both bulk and container shipping and features the DAS with Azipod as the propulsion system. Lpp is approximately 2m shorter and the breadth is 2m smaller than those of 40,000DWT, to support cargo capacity requirements and hull girder strength.
40,000DWT icebreaking bulk/container ship (40BC)
The 40BC possesses greater draft and beam than the 25BC. It is designed for the northerly route, with a draft of 12.5m , 40,000DWT and Azipod propulsion system. As mentioned above, icebreaking capability is the same as that of the 25BC.
50,000DWT icebreaking bulk carrier (50BC)
This vessel was developed in the JANSROP, organized by the Ship & Ocean Foundation. The ship can continuously break level ice of 1.2m thick at a speed of 3 knots and attain to 17 knots in open sea with sea margin of 15%. Whereas in the above 25BC and 40BC the emphasis is placed on icebreaking performance, the 50BC is designed for high performance in open water, and its main engine output is determined by power requirement in open water. The propulsion system is conventional, with fixed-blade propeller.
Ice condition data
The ice and environmental data used in the simulation were historical data, gathered along the NSR for the past 38 years from 1953 through 1990 and supplied by AARI. The data consisted of eighteen parameters such as ice thickness and ice concentration, and comprise the monthly average data for each 20 nautical mile segment in specified years along the routes. Details on the structure of data are provided in Appendix 5-2.
Cost tables
To calculate ship operational costs, a wide range of cost data are required, including building prices, capital costs, crewing costs, fuel unit/total costs, fees and tariffs. The Nippon Yusen Kabushikigaisya (NYK) line kindly developed ship operational cost tables reflecting recent trends. The study was conducted using the following cost parameters (Table 4.4-5).
Capital cost:
Capital costs for a newly built ship consist of a loan repayment of initial investments that are the sum of building price and initial miscellaneous costs. A ship owner supposed the amortization in 15 years to be at 7% interest per year with level payment. The initial miscellaneous costs included additional costs of a newly building ship, such as interest during the building stage and equipment/deposits newly furnished for navigation, and were predetermined as 3% of a ship price.
Crewing cost:
The number of crews are 24 for both 25BC and 40BC and 25 for 50BC.
Maintenance costs:
For maintenance costs, average annual maintenance costs for the first five years after the construction were adopted. They were based on the actual expenses in the last few years obtained for ships of the same class, and include repairs, replenishment of parts and stocks and lubrication oils, etc.
Insurance costs:
INSROP tried to find a clear answer to the question of insurance rates but was unable to obtain conclusive information. Because the insurance market does not react to hypothetical insurance problems, insurance costs could not be calculated directly.
