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Ware, D.M., (1995). A century and a half of change in the climate of the NE Pacific. Fisheries Oceanography, 4, 267-277.

Ware, D.M. and R.E., Thomson, 2000: Interannual and multidecadal timescale climate variations in the northeast Pacific. J.Climate, 13, 3209-3220.

Weng, H., and K.-M.Lau, 1994: Wavelets, period doubling, and time-frequency localization with application to organization of convection over the tropical western Pacific. J.Atmos.Sci., 51, 2523-2541.

Weng, W. and J.D.Neelin, 1999: Analytical prototypes for ocean-atmosphere interaction at midlatitude. Part II: mechanisms for coupled gyre modes. J.Climate 12, 2757-2774.

White, W.B., J.Lean, D.R.Cayan and M.D.Dettinger, 1997: Response of global upper ocean temperature to changing solar irradiance. J. Geophys. Res., 102 (C2), 3255-3266.

White, W.B. and D.R.Cayan, 1998: Quasi-periodicity and global symmetries in interdecadal upper ocean temperature variability. J.Geophys.Res., 103 (CJO) , 21335-2 1354.

Yasuda, T., and K.Hanawa, 1997: Decadal changes in the mode waters in the midlatitude North Pacific. J.Phys.Oceanogr, 17, 858-870.

Yukimoto S., M.Endoh, Y.Kitamura, A.Kitoh, T.Motoi, and A.Noda, 2000, Two distinct interdecadal modes of the Pacific Ocean and atmospheric variability with a coupled GCM. J.Geophys Res., 105,13945-13963.

Zhang, Y., J.M.Wallace, and D.S.Battisti, 1997: ENSO-like interdecadal variability: 1900-1993. J.Climate, 10, 1004-1020.

Zhang. R.-H. and S.Levitus, 1997: Structure and cycle of decadal variability of upper ocean temperature in the North Pacific. J.Climate 10, 710-727.

Zhang, R.-H., L. M. Rothstein, and A. J. Busalacchi, 1998: Origin of upper-ocean warming and El Nino change on decadal scales in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Nature, 391, 879-883.

Zhang. R.-14. and Z.Liu, 1999: Decadal thermocline variability in the North Pacific Ocean: Two pathways around the subtropical gyre. J.Climate, 12, 3273-3296.

Zhang X., J.Sheng and A.Shabbar, 1998; Modes of interannual and interdecadal variability of Pacific SST. J.Climate, 11, 2556-2569.

 

 

 

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