.1　a careful analysis needs to be undertaken and the potential for CO₂ reduction through technicai, operational and market-based mechanism should be examined; and

.2　the efficiency of marine pollution systems relative to other transport media on a tonnage basis, combined with recent advances in marine engine design, suggests that any reduction of CO₂ emission needs to be accomplished without a reduction in the volume of goods shipped in the marine sector.

9.9　The Committee considered the documents by ICS (MEPC 42/9/4 and MEPC 42/INF.36) which stated that:

.1　although ships are responsible for the carriage of 80% of world trade by volume, they acoount for less than 2% of total global CO₂ emissions;

.2　an increase in seaborne trade generally results in a corresponding increase in CO₂ emission, but analysis of the relationship between CO₂ emission and world seaboerne trade indicates that, since 1990, there has been a definite trend towards reduction in ships' CO₂ emission per tonne-mile of world seaborne trade;

.3　the slow steaming may not result in reduction of the total volume of CO₂ emission for the same amount of goods transported; and

.4　available technologies have already been exploited in new designs of ships and engines.

9.10　The Committee noted the views by the Russian Federation (MEPC 42/INF.28), that it does not see any justification to implement urgently at the present time any restrictions on CO₂ emission from ships.

9.11　The Committee further noted the document by the European Commission (MEPC 42/INF. 22). By its communication to the European Council and the European Parliament, the European Commission makes it clear that, to reach the Kyoto targets set for the European Union, all modes of transport will be affected. The Committee also noted that, on shipping, no specific actions are foreseen by the European Commission and the work within IMO will be followed very closely.　The communication clearly states that measures on shipping should not be restricted to industrialized countries only.

9.12　Several delegations supported the views of the United States (MEPC 42/9/2) and the Committee agreed that IMO is the appropriate international body to consider issues related to possibie reduction of CO₂ emissions from ships.　Several delegations supported the views of ICS (MEPC 42/9/4).

9.13　The Committee, noting that the delegations of the United States, the Netherlands and Norway and several other delegations after consultation in their capitals, offered financial support for the study as proposed by the United States and established a drafting group to meet outside plenary hours to develop the Scope of Work of the IMO study on CO₂ emissions.

9.14　Having received the report of the drafting group, the Committee approved the Scope of Work for the IMO study on CO₂ emissions as set out in annex 2 to MEPC 42/WP.11, and noted the following concerns related to the study as pointed out by the drafting group:

.1 funding availability will influence the quality and content of the report;

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