日本財団 図書館


INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT TO MITIGATE NON-PHYSICAL BARRIERS

 

International Conventions: ESCAP Resolution 48/11 and others

・ Accession to international conventions requires necessary modification of domestic legal system. However, it can provide suitable and stable ground for facilitating movement across the border.  

 

Regional/Sub-regional Agreements ASEAN Initiated Agreements and ADB/ESCAP initiated GMS Agreements

・ Regional/sub-regional agreements such as AFTA and GMS can provide a prerequisite for the exchange of traffic rights from economic development viewpoints.

 

Bilateral Agreements

・ Bilateral agreements can specify actual needs and practical solutions without modification of domestic legal system. It can also apply to an international transport project; e.g. the agreement on traffic facilitation for the Phnom Penh-HCM City Road Project (October 1998).

・ In general, bilateral agreements are flexible but not stable.

 

 

 

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