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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

 

Many people have contributed over the past decade to the success of HOT, but the vision and drive of Prof. David Karl has been critical to starting and sustaining the project. Prof. Eric Firing and Drs. Steve Chiswell and Fred Bingham have made important contributions to the development, maintenance and analysis of the physical observations. Fernando Santiago-Mandujano, Jefrey Snyder, Craig Nosse, Mark Valenciano and Don Wright actually made most of the measurements for the physical oceanographic component of HOT. Sharon DeCarlo made critical contributions to design and development of data acquisition and processing systems, and to data management and analysis. The HOT program is supported by the US National Science Foundation and by the State of Hawaii.

 

REFERENCES

 

Bingham, F. M. and R. Lukas, 1996: Seasonal cycles of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen observed in the Hawaii Ocean Time-series. Deep-Sea Res. II, 43, 199-213.

Bingham, F. M., 1998: The origin of waters observed at a time-series station in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. Unpublished manuscript.

Boyer, T. P. and S. Levitus, 1997: Objective analyses of temperature and salinity for the world ocean on a 1/4 degree grid. NOAA Atlas NESDIS 11, U.S. Gov. Printing Office, Washington, D.C.

Chiswell, S. M., 1994: Vertical Structure of the Baroclinic Tides in the Central North Pacific Subtropical Gyre. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24(9), 2032-2039.

Chiswell, S.M., 1996: Intra-annual oscillations at Station ALOHA, north of Oahu, Hawaii. Deep-Sea Res. II, 43, 305-319.

Deser, C., M.A. Alexander, and M.S. Timlin, 1996: Upper-ocean thermal variations in the North Pacific during 1970-1991. J. Climate, 9, 1840-1855.

Firing, E., 1996: Currents observed north of Oahu during the first 5 years of HOT. Deep-Sea Res. II, 43, 281-303.

Gu, D. and S.G.H. Philander, 1997: Interdecadal climate fluctuations that depend upon exchanges between the tropics and extratropics. Science, 275, 805-807.

Huang, R.X., and S. Russell, 1994: Ventilation of the subtropical North Pacific. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 24, 2589-2605.

IOC, 1998: Ocean Climate Time-series Workshop, Baltimore, Maryland, 18-20 March, 1997. GCOS Rept. No. 41, GOOS Rept. No. 33.

Kalnay, E., M. Kanamitsu, R. Kistler, W. Collins, D. Deaven, L. Gandin, M. Iredell, S. Saha, G. White, J. Woollen, Y. Zhu, M. Chelliah, W. Ebisuzaki, W. Higgins, J. Janowiak, K.C. Mo, C. Ropelewski, J. Wang, A Leetmaa, R. Reynolds, R. Jenne, and D. Joseph. 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 77, 437-471.

Karl, D.M. and R. Lukas, 1996: The Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) Program: Background, rationale and field implementation. Deep-Sea Res. II, 43, 129-156.

Mitchum, G.T., 1996: On using satellite altimetric heights to provide a spatial context for the Hawaii Ocean Timeseries measurements. Deep-Sea Res. II, 43, 257-280.

Nakamura, H., G. Lin and T. Yamagata, 1997: Decadal climate variability in the North Pacific during the recent decades. Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 78, 2215-2225.

O'Connor, B.M., R.A. Fine, K.A. Maillet and D.B. Olson, 1998: Formation rates of Subtropical Underwater in the Pacific by synthesis of multiple data types. In 1998 U.S. WOCE Report. 30-33.

Stommel, H., 1979: Determination of watermass properties of water pumped down from the Ekman layer to the geostrophic layer below. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S., 76, 3051-3055.

Tsuchiya, M., 1968: Upper waters of the intertropical Pacific Ocean. Johns Hopkins Oceanogr. Stud. 4, 50 pp.

Xie. P, and P.A. Arkin, 1997: Global precipitation: A 17-year monthly analysis based on gauge observations, satellite estimate, and numerical model outputs. Bull. Am. Met. Soc., 78, 2539-2558.

Zhang, R.-H., and Z. Liu, 1998: An isopycnal analysis of decadal ocean thermocline variability in the North Pacific: Subduction and wave pathways. J. Climate, submitted.

 

 

 

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