Fig. 5　Observed (thick) and simulated (thin lines) hemispheric differences in SST (upper) and zonal wind speed (lower panel) between latitudinal bands 10N-20N and 20S-10S. (All the curves are normalized with their respective variances and a three-year running mean is applied to the observed data). Note that the model data are taken from regions free of external forcing.

Fig. 6　Wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation index (top); surface air temperature at Wakkanai, a station representative of northern Japan; North Pacific SLP averaged wlthin 160E-160W & 40-60N; and the first principle component of low-passed winter SST variability over the North Pacific [bottom; see Nakamura et al. (1997) for details] as functions of time. All data are normalized by their last 30-year rms and the lower curves are successively offset by 3 units. Thick lines denote three-point running means.

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