F-2-08-06
ULTRASONOGRAPHIC CLASSIFICATION OF CONGENITAL MUSCULAR TORTICOLLIS
Tsz-Ching Hsu, Chung-Li Wang*, Chia-Ling Chen, I-Ping Chiang*, Fuk-Tan Tang, May-Kuen Wong (Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan, *: National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan)
Two hundred and fifty-six subjects who were diagnosed to have congenital muscular torticollis clinically were referred to receive ultrasonographic examination. Course of treatment and obstetric history were followed and reviewed for correlation with sonograms. Thirty-eight subjects were excluded for normal morphology existed in bilateral sternocleidomastoid (SCM) muscles. Fifteen percent of the subjects were classified as tumor-like group, 77% as diffuse fibrosis with normal muscular echogenicity group, 5% as diffuse without normal muscular echogenicity, and 3% as cord type fibrosis. The incidence of surgery was high in the latter two groups. All the thickness of involved SCM muscles was about twice as that of contralateral one, except those who had cord type fibrosis. Ultrasonography is a good screening tool for CMT and the classification can help clinician in making an adequate treatment of this disease.
F-2-09-01
THE RESEARCHER'S ROLE IN CBR: AN INTEGRATED MODEL FOR PRACTICE
William F. Boyce (Queen's University, Kingston, Canada)
The role of researchers in Community Based Rehabilitation programs has not been influential to date. In contrast to frequent calls for more research-based community practice, relatively little data have been collected and analyzed to document the merits and difficulties of a CBR approach. This significant gap arises from contemporary issues in community research such as: the nature of knowledge; the ethics of research; the practical application of research to policy; and methodological problems. This paper reviews the problems which CBR researchers face and presents a model for resolving them which supports the ultimate goal of an improved quality of life for persons with disabilities. A CBR research model is applied to recent studies from Indonesia, China, India, Thailand, and Malaysia. The following issues are addressed:
* different roles of participants in the research process
* different types of knowledge or perspectives from different disciplines
* different dimensions, levels, or sources of information, and
* different methodologies which are best suited to the purpose of the study.
The researcher is a critical participant in the CBR research process, however, the role of persons with disabilities is even more important. Researchers are encouraged to facilitate this role to improve the relevance, applicability, and success of CBR studies.
