It is said that a floating structure has, in general, less significant effect on marine environment than a reclaimed island. However, when a huge floating structure is planned to be built on the sea surface, expected effects which might be brought about by obstructing sunlight intrusion, evapolation, and heat transmission into the sea water beneath the structure should be carefully and comprehensively examined. The main aim of the present investigation is to clarify the above-mentioned effect, which is called the sea-covering effect in this paper, through numerical simulation of fluid motion, temperature and salinity variation of the sea water around the floating structure. For numerical simulation, a rectangular basin of uniform depth is used as a model sea area, and a rectangular floating structure of pontoon type is placed at the center of the rectangular basin. The effects of wind, tidal currents and heat flux through the sea surface are discussed for both cases where the floating structure is and is not placed in the rectangular basin.