日本財団図書館（電子図書館）　救命艇装置・消防設備の保守点検整備説明会資料

APPENDIX

	TYPES OF EXTINGUISHER
Extinguishing medium used:	Water			Foam		Powder	Carbon dioxide	Clean agents
Extinguishing medium used:	Water, with possible salts in solution				Water solution containing foam generating substances	Dry chemical Powders	Pressurized carbon dioxide
Expellant charge of the extinguisher (stored pressure or cartridge as indicated):		Carbon dioxide or other pressurized inert gases or compressed air (stored pressure or separate cartridge)			Carbon dioxide or other pressurized inert gases or compressed air (stored pressure or separate cartridge)	Carbon dioxide or other inert gases or dry air (stored pressure or separate cartridge)
The discharge of the extinguisher is achieved by:		Opening of the valve. Action of pressurized gas (opening of the cartridge)			Opening of the valve. Action of pressurized gas (opening of the cartridge)	Opening of the valve. Action of pressurized gas (opening of the cartridge)	Opening of the valve of the container constituting the extinguisher

　

	TYPES OF EXTINGUISHER
The discharged extinguishing medium consists of:	Water			Foam		Powder	Carbon dioxide	Clean agents
The discharged extinguishing medium consists of:	Water with possible salts in solution				Foam containing the gas used	Dry chemical powders and carbon dioxide or other gas	Carbon dioxide
The discharged extinguishing medium causes the extinction of the fire by:	Cooling of the burning materials. Water evaporation and consequent formation of a local atmosphere (water/steam) which isolates the burning products from the surrounding air			Formation of a foam layer which isolates the burning products from the surrounding air and cooling in the case of class A fires		Inhibition of the combustion process by the interrupting the chemical reaction. Some separation of burning materials from the surrounding air	Formation of a local inert atmosphere (carbon dioxide) which isolates the burning material from the surrounding air. Smothering and cooling action of carbon dioxide
The electrical resistance of the discharged extinguishing medium is:	Very low	Very low			Varied	Very high. Under intense heat some powders may be electrically conductive	Very high

　

	TYPES OF EXTINGUISNER
Operating peculiarities and limitations:	Water	Foam	Powder	Carbon dioxide	Clean agents
	The jet or spray of the extinguisher should be directed towards the base of the fire		Powder mixture subject to windage; they may therefore have reduced effectiveness in the open or in ventilated spaces	Gas subject to windage; they therefore have limited effectiveness in the open or in ventilated spaces
		The extinction of the fire achieved only when all the burning surface is covered by foam

　

	TYPES OF EXTINGUISHER
Disadvantages and dangers:	Water			Foam		Powder	Carbon dioxide	Clean agents
	Not to be used where there is electrical hazard					Generated powder mixtures may be suffocating and can impair vision. Powder can damage electrical contact.	Carbon dioxide may be suffocating
							Carbon dioxide may be suffocating
Maintenance:	Extinguishers with copper or copper alloy body should not be polished with products of corrosive or abrasive nature which may cause wall thickness reduction. Such extinguishers should be avoided but where used they should preferably be painted externally.					Some types of powder may be altered by humidity, therefore, avoid the refilling of the extinguisher in humid locations.
	The charge can freeze at temperatures of about 0℃ (unless the charge is made non-freezable chemically)			The charge can freeze at about 5℃. The charge can be altered by elevated temperatures (about 40℃ or more). Therefore, the extinguisher should not be installed in positions where it may be exposed to high or low temperatures.
		Avoid installing the extinguisher in excessively warm locations, where the internal pressure of the carbon dioxide in the cartridge might rise to a very high value				When a carbon dioxide container is provided, avoid the installation of the extinguisher in excessively warm locations, where the internal pressure of the carbon dioxide in the container might rise to very high values.