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Fig. 23 
Results of the simulator experiments without the support system by the less experienced operators
 
8. CONCLUSIONS
 The author concludes by listing important points of this study.
・The passage planning system, which is one of the countermeasures answering the requests of vessels and port operators, was proposed.
・Standard maneuvers, which a model of maneuvers by expert mariners, were investigated.
・Algorithms to generate the passage plan automatically were developed.
・Simulation results of the passage planning system show that the system can reproduce the passage plan which the expert mariners plan usually.
・Results of the simulator studies with the real-time maneuvering information support system based on the passage planning system shows the good tracking performance and the efficient maneuvers by the operator.
・By using the system, a large effect to increase safety and economical efficiency on port management is expected.
 
REFERENCES
[1] A, J, Swift, BRIDGE TEAM MANAGEMENT -A Practical Guide -, The Nautical Institute, UK, 1993
[2] National Research Council, MINDING THE HELM - Marine Navigation and Piloting -, National Academy Press, USA, 1994
[3] Makoto Endo, S. Niimura, T. Otani, T. Ugajin, Development of Remote Safety Management System for Small Vessels, Proceedings of International Symposium Information on Ships ISIS98, Germany, pp. 6.1-6.7, 1998
[4] Makoto Endo, S. Niimura, T. Otani, Y. Shokaku, Designing and Prototyping of Remote Safety Management System for Small Vessels - Concept and System Configuration, Journal of Japan Institute of Navigation No.100, pp. 153-160, 1999
[5] Makoto Endo, SHORE-BASED PILOTAGE INFORMATION SYTEM, Proceedings of 5th Conference on Manoeuvring and Control of Marine Craft MCMC2000, Denmark, pp. 293-298, 2000
[6] Makoto Endo, SHORE-BASED INFORMATION-ORIENTED PILOTAGE SYTEM, Proceedings of 2nd International Congress on Maritime Technological Inovation and Research, Cadiz, Spain, 2000
[7] Jean-Claude Latombe, Robot Motion Planning, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1991
 
AUTHOR' S BIOGRAPHY
 Makoto Endo studied Nautical Science at Tokyo University of Mercantile Marine. After working as a naval architect for 3 years, he has a place at the Nautical Department of Toyama National College of Maritime Technology as a professor since 1981. Since 2002, He is a chairman of Ship Handling Simulator Committee in Japan Institute of Navigation. He holds a Bachelor's degree and a Master degree in Navigation and a Doctoral degree in Engineering. His current research interests are safety evaluation of ship manoeuvrability, man-machine system analysis in ship handling and cooperative navigation system.







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