5.1.1 When tested in accordance with 6.2.2, the thermal conductance of the material from which the TPA is constructed shall be not more than 7800 W/(m²°K).

　

5.1.2 The TPA shall be designed and constructed of materials to prevent evaporative heat loss.

　

5.1.3 The TPA shall function properly at an air temperature of -30℃ to +20℃.

When tested in accordance with 6.1.2, each TPA shall be designed to enable a person to don the TPA correctly within two minutes after studying the donning and use instructions specified in 4.11.

When tested in accordance with 6.2.6, a TPA shall not be damaged by storage in its packaging at any temperature between -30℃ and +65℃.

When tested in accordance with 6.1.3, the TPA shall be designed to permit the wearer to remove it in the water within two minutes, if it impairs ability to swim.

When tested in accordance with 6.2.1, the fabric from which the TPA is constructed shall maintain its water-tight integrity when supporting a column of water 2 m high.

When tested in accordance with 6.2.3, each TPA shall be designed to be useable after 24 hours exposure to typical marine diesel oil.

　

Seven males and three females shall be used in the tests described in clauses 6.1.2 through 6.1.4. The subjects shall represent each of the three physical types (ectomorphic, endomorphic, and mesomorphic). Each subject shall be in good health. The heaviest male subject shall weigh at least 25 kg more than the lightest male subject. The heaviest female subject shall weigh at least 25 kg more than the lightest female subject. The heaviest subject shall weigh 150±5 Kg and the lightest subject shall weigh 50±5 Kg. Each subject shall be unfamiliar with the specific thermal protective aid under test. Each subject shall wear a standard range of clothing consisting of:

　

a) Underwear (short sleeved, short legged)

　

b) Shirt (long sleeved)

　

c) Trousers (not woolen)

　

d) Woolen socks

　

e) Rubber soled shoes

　

f) A lifejacket complying with the IMO LSA Code.

　

Each subject shall be removed from the view of the other subjects and allowed one minute to examine the TPA and the manufacturer's instructions for donning and use of the TPA in an emergency. At the end of this period, the subject shall attempt to don the TPA as rapidly as possible while seated in a SOLAS inflatable liferaft loaded with its full capacity of persons. If the subject does not don the TPA completely, including gloves and any other accessories, within 2 minutes, the subject shall remove the TPA and, after a demonstration of correct donning, again attempt to don it. At least nine out of ten subjects shall be able to don the TPA completely in 2 minutes on at least one of the two attempts.

　

6.1.3.1 If the TPA impairs the ability of the wearer to swim, it shall be demonstrated that it can be discarded by the test subjects, when immersed in water, in not more than two minutes.

　

6.1.3.2 Unless the manufacturer specifies in the instructions that the TPA does impair ability to swim and should always be discarded in the water, each subject, wearing a life preserver, shall enter the water and swim 25 meters. Each subject, after sufficient rest to avoid fatigue, shall repeat this test wearing the TPA in addition to the lifejacket. At least nine out of ten subjects shall be able to swim this distance wearing the thermal protective aid in not more than 125% of the time taken to swim the distance wearing only a lifejacket, or the TPA will be determined to impair the ability to swim.

　

6.1.3.3 If the TPA is determined by the above test or specified by the manufacturer to impair the ability to swim, each subject, after entering the water from a height of one meter, shall attempt to remove the TPA and discard it. At least nine out of ten subjects shall be able to discard the TPA within two minutes.

　

6.1.3.4 During the testing, a person ready to render assistance if needed should be near each subject in the water.

　

After conditioning the TPA's in a cold chamber at -30.℃ for at least 24 h, two test subjects who successfully completed the donning test previously shall demonstrate that they are able to unpack and don the TPA's in the cold chamber.

A sample of the fabric or film from which the TPA is constructed shall be installed as a membrane at one end of a tube of at least 2.5 cm diameter and 2 m long. The tested sample shall include a representative seam. The tube shall be fixed in a vertical position with the membrane at the bottom, and filled with water. After one hour the membrane shall continue to support the column of water with no leakage.

　

When tested in accordance with the procedures in ISO 8302:1991 or ISO 8301:1991, the fabric or film of which the TPA is constructed shall have a thermal conductance of not more than 7800 W/(m²°K).

　

With all of its apertures sealed, a TPA shall be immersed under a 100 mm head of typical marine diesel oil for 24 hours. The surface oil shall then be wiped off and a sample of the fabric or film from the TPA shall again be tested in accordance with the procedures in ISO 8302:1991 or ISO 8301 :1991. The fabric or film shall retain a thermal conductance of not more than 7800 W/(m²°K). The TPA shall show no signs of damage, such as shrinking, delamination, cracking, swelling, dissolution, or degradation of mechanical qualities.

　

　

　

Each test sample consists of two pieces of the material from which the TPA is constructed, each of which is 100 mm square. The two pieces shall be joined by a seam as shown in figure 1 . For each type of seam, 5 samples shall be tested. Each sample may be cut from a TPA or may be prepared specifically for this test.

　

　

　

　

After conditioning for at least 40 hours at 25.℃±2℃ and 50%±5% relative humidity, each sample shall be mounted individually in the tension device as shown in figure 1 , and tested in accordance with ISO 13934-2:1999 at a gauge length of 75 mm. The maximum force to achieve rupture shall be recorded, and the average force at rupture shall be at least 225 N.

　

The tear resistance of the material from which a TPA is constructed shall be determined by the method described in ISO 4674:1977 or, for non-woven fabrics, ISO 9073-4:1997. If more than one material is used, each material shall be tested. If varying thicknesses of a material are used in the TPA, samples representing the thinnest portion of the material shall be tested. If multiple layers of a material are used in the TPA, samples representing the exterior layer shall be tested. Any composite formed of two or more fabrics or films bonded together is considered to be a single fabric or film . The average tearing strength of each material shall be at least [45 N].

　

6.2.6.1 Two samples of the TPA, in their original packaging, shall be alternately subjected to surrounding temperatures of -30.℃ to -65℃. These alternating cycles need not follow immediately after each other, and the following procedure, repeated for a total of ten cycles, is acceptable:

　

a) 8 h conditioning at 65.℃±2℃ to be completed in one day

　

　

c) 8 h conditioning at -30.℃±2℃ to be completed the next day

　

　

6.2.6.2 The TPA's shall not show any qualitative damage, such as shrinking, delamination, cracking, swelling, dissolution or degradation of mechanical qualities.

　

Informative Annex A contains forms for documentation of the above tests, to facilitate recording and exchange of test results.

7.1 Each TPA shall be marked with:

　

b) the name of the manufacturer;

　

c) the model;

　

　

e) relevant approval information.

　

7.2 The packaging of the TPA shall be marked with the words in accordance with 7.1(a), or the similar markings on the TPA shall be visible through the packaging.

8.1 One out of every 100 TPA's produced shall be given a complete visual examination against the approved plans. Samples shall be selected at random from a production lot of 100 TPA's. The sample fails if the visual examination shows that the TPA does not conform to the approved design.

　

8.2 If a defect in the TPA is detected upon visual examination, 10 additional samples from the same lot shall be selected at random and examined for the defect.

　

8.3 If one or more of the 10 samples fails the examination, each TPA in the lot shall be examined for the defect for which the lot was rejected. Only thermal protective aids that are free of defects may be considered to comply with this International Standard.