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4.304.23 Daylight signalling mirror (LR, LB - LSA Code 4.1.5.1.15, 4.4.8.17)
4.3023.1 The signalling mirror shall be of metal, plastic, or glass with a smooth, even, and unpitted reflecting surface.
4.3023.1.1 Metal mirrors with a base of corrodible metal shall be plated over the base with copper, and upon that a plating of nickel with a final coating of chromium. Plating shall be done after all stamping, cutting, and grinding is completed.
4.3023.1.2 The reflecting area ofplastic or glass mirrors shall be by deposition of either aluminium or silver deposited on glass. The rear of the reflecting area and edges shall be adequately protected from corrosion by a durable protective coating. If non-tempered glass is used, the glass shall be securely protected from breakage by means of a suitable cushioning frame.Glass, if used, shall be tempered.
4.3023.2 A lanyard shall be securely attached to each mirror by means of a hole. The lanyard shall be approximately 1 m long and in the form of a 0.5 m loop. The dry breaking strength of the lanyard shall be at least 220 N. A wiping cloth to remove finger and hand stains, of twice the area of one mirror, shall be included with the mirror.
4.3023.3 The mirror shall have a reflecting area of at least 110 cm2, and shall be rectangular in shape with rounded corners. The mirror shall be flat, and of such thickness that it cannot be easily deformed in use. At the center of the mirror there shall be a sighting means of one of the following types (all dimensions are approximate and provided for illustrative purposes only):
a) Metal mirror type. This type should be made of metal as specified in 4.3023.1.1. There shall be a round sighting hole, 4.8 mm in diameter, in the center of the mirror. A concentric depression around the hole of approximately 12.7 mm diameter and approximately 0.8 mm deep may be formed, if desired, in which case the side of the mirror on which the depression is made shall be permanently marked "TOWARD FACE", or similar. This mirror shall have a central mirror area on the back at least 38 mm in diameter, concentric with the sighting hole. This back mirror shall be parallel to the front mirror within 15 minutes of angle. It shall be of sufficient quality to enable a person of normal vision to read newspaper-size lettering with the mirror 100 mm from the eye and the lettering 200 mm from the mirror.
b) Reflex type. This type should be made of glass or plastic as specified in 4.3023.1.2. The sighting hole shall be a clear window at least 19 mm square, of such quality that a person of normal vision can see a distant small target through it when using the mirror in heliography. Behind the sighting hole a retrodirective reflector button approximately 16 mm x 25 mm in size shall be mounted to make contact with the clear window along one edge. This button shall be tilted at about 30 degrees from the plane of the mirror so that there shall be a crack between the button and the window approximately 19 mm long and 9.5 mm wide through which the user can observe the signalling target. The red image of the sun formed by the button shall not be more than 2 degrees in diameter from any part of the effective area of the button for any direction of incidence less than 25 degrees from the normal to the face of the button. The seal protecting the rear reflecting surface of the button shall remain watertight when immersed in 150 mm of salt water after the button has been warmed to 65 degrees C and chilled to -30 degrees C for four successive cycles.
c) Cross-in-glass type. This type should be made of glass or plastic as specified in 4.3023.1.2. At the center of the face of the mirror there shall be a sighting area in the form of a cross. This area, on which no metal shall be deposited, shall consist of two lines 1.2 mm by 12.5 to 25 mm, mutually bisecting at right angles. The optical quality of the sighting area shall be such that a person of normal vision can see a distant small target through it when using the mirror in heliography. This mirror shall have a central mirror area on the back at least 38 mm in diameter, concentric with the sighting area. This back mirror shall be parallel to the front mirror within 15 minutes of angle. It shall be of sufficient quality to enable a person of normal vision to read newspaper-sized lettering with the mirror 100 mm from the eye and the lettering 200 mm from the mirror.
d) Blister type. This type should be made of glass or plastic as specified in 4.3023.1.2. In the reflecting area, there shall be a window of approximately 25 mm in diameter. The window shall be covered with a blister securely attached to the back of the mirror. The inside wall of the blister shall be covered, except at the center where a clear space of approximately 6.5 mm in diameter is to be left for use as a viewing hole, with a retrodirective material. This material shall be of such quality that when sunlight strikes the front of the mirror, at any angle less than 65 degrees from the perpendicular, a red or orange colored image of the sun can be seen by a person looking through the viewing hole in the direction the mirror is aimed. The red or orange colored image shall not appear to be more than 2 degrees in diameter. This red or orange image shall be readily visible against the sky as a background.
4.23.3.1 Alternative types not specifically addressed above, but which provide an equivalent level of performance may be accepted as complying with this International Standard.
4.3023.4 A pair of mirrors,Each mirror, together with the lanyards and operating instructions as specified in 4.3023.5, shall be packed in a single durable watertight container enclosed within an outer durable container. The outside of the outer container shall be plainly marked SIGNALLING MIRROR, and with the name of the manufacturer.
4.3023.5 Appropriate instructions for the mirror type shall be printed on waterproof paper in text at least 3 mm high, or permanently affixed to the back of the mirror, and shall include diagrams illustrating the use of the mirror.
4.314.24 Oars or paddles (LB, RB - LSA Code 4.4.8.1, 5.1.2.2.1)
4.31.14.24.1 General
Oars or paddles shall be buoyant, and of sufficient size and quantity to make headway in calm seas as demonstrated during the maneuverability test for the craft in which they are carried.
4.31.24.24.2 Motor lifeboats or rescue boats
The number and type of oars required for a motor lifeboat or rescue boat is should be determined during the boat manufacturer's approval testing. On small motor boats, the manufacturer may be able to meet the requirement with buoyant paddles, rather than conventional oars. If not specified on the manufacturer's equipment chart in the boat, the number and size of oars or paddles should be specified in the operation or maintenance manual provided by the manufacturer with the boat. If not specified by the manufacturer, the recommended minimum complement of oars for motor lifeboats shall beis four rowing oars and one steering oar of the lengths specified in Table 1. [The minimum complement of oars or paddles for a rescue boat which is not also a lifeboat is two rowing oars or paddles.]
4.31.34.24.3 Hand-propelled lifeboats
If not specified by the boat manufacturer, tThe recommended minimum complement of oars for hand-propelled lifeboats shall beis four rowing oars and one steering oar of the lengths specified in Table 1.
Table 1 - |
Length of oars for motor lifeboats and hand-propelled lifeboats |
| Length of lifeboat in m (ft) |
Length of oars in m (ft) |
| Over |
Not over |
Rowing |
Steering |
| |
4.5 (15) |
2.4 (8) |
2.7 (9) |
| 4.5 (15) |
5.8 (19) |
3.0 (10) |
3.3 (11) |
| 5.8 (19) |
6.4 (21) |
3.3 (11) |
3.6 (12) |
| 6.4 (21) |
7.0 (23) |
3.6 (12) |
4.0 (13) |
| 7.0 (23) |
7.6 (25) |
4.0 (13) |
4.3 (14) |
| 7.6 (25) |
8.2 (27) |
4.3 (14) |
4.5 (15) |
| 8.2 (27) |
|
4.5 (15) |
4.8 (16) |
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4.31.44.24.4 Oar-propelled lifeboats
If not specified by the manufacturer, The recommended minimum complement and length of oars for oar-propelled lifeboats shall beis as specified in Table 2.
Table 2 - |
Number and length of oars for oar-propelled lifeboats |
| Length of lifeboat in m (ft) |
Number of oars |
Length of oars in m (ft) |
| Over |
Not over |
Rowing |
Steering |
Rowing |
Steering |
| |
4.5 (15) |
4 |
1 |
2.4(8) |
2.7(9) |
| 4.5(15) |
5.8(19) |
6 |
1 |
3.0(10) |
3.3(11) |
| 5.8(19) |
6.4(21) |
6 |
1 |
3.3(11) |
3.6(12) |
| 6.4(21) |
7.0(23) |
6 |
1 |
3.6(12) |
4.0(13) |
| 7.0(23) |
7.6(25) |
8 |
1 |
4.0(13) |
4.3(14) |
| 7.6(25) |
8.2(27) |
8 |
1 |
4.3(14) |
4.5(15) |
| 8.2(27) |
|
8 |
1 |
4.5(15) |
4.8(16) |
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4.324.25 Oarlocks or equivalent devices for all lifeboats and rescue boats carrying oars (LB, RB - LSA Code 4.4.8.1, 5.1.2.2.1)
4.32.1 An oarlock or equivalent device, either permanently installed or attached to the boat by a lanyard or chain, shall be provided for each oar. Removable oarlocks shall be attached to the boat by lanyards or chains.
NOTE |
The IMO LSA Code describes these as "thole pins, crutches, or equivalent arrangements." |
4.32.2 This requirement may be met by suitable oar ports in the canopy of a partially or totally enclosed lifeboat. If paddles are provided instead of oars, oarlocks are not required.
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