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Goodman, J. and J. Marshall, 1998: A model of decadal middle-latitude atmosphere-ocean coupled modes. J. Climate, submitted.

Jin, F. F., 1997: A theory of interdecadal climate variability of the North Pacific ocean-atmosphere system. J. Climate, 10, 1821-1835.

Jin, F. F., M. Kimoto and X.-C. Wang, 1998: Decadal to interdecadal ocean-atmosphere interaction in the Pacific basin. Science, submitted.

Kleeman, R., J. P. McCreary and B. A. Klinger, 1998: A mechanism for generating ENDO decadal variability. Science, submitted.

Latif, M. and T. P. Barnett, 1994: Causes of decadal climate variability over the North Pacific and North America. Science, 266, 634-637.

Latif, M. and T. P. Barnett, 1996: Decadal climate variability over the North Pacific and North America: Dynamics and predictability. J. Climate, 9, 2407-2423.

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Liu, Z., 1993: Interannual positive feedbacks in a simple extratropical air-sea coupling system. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3022-3028.

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Miller, A. J., D. R. Cayan, T. P. Barnett, N. E. Graham and J. M. Oberhuber, 1994: Interdecadal variability of the Pacific Ocean: model response to observed heat flux and wind stress anomalies. Clim. Dyn., 9, 287-302.

Palmer, T. N. and Z. Sun, 1985: A modeling and observational study of the relationship between sea surface temperatures in the north-west Atlantic and the atmospheric general circulation. Quart. J. R. Met. Soc., 111, 947-975.

Robertson, A. W., 1996: Interdecadal variability over the North Pacific in a multi-century climate simulation. Clim.Dyn., 12, 227-241.

Saravanan, R., 1998: Atmospheric low-frequency variability and its relationship to midlatitude SST variability: Studies using the NCAR Climate System Model. J. Climate, 11, 1386-1404.

Saravanan, R. and J. C. McWilliams, 1998: Advective ocean-atmosphere interaction: An analytical stochastic model with implications for decadal variability. J. Climate, 11, 165-188.

Sutton, R. T. and M. R. Allen, 1997: Decadal predictability of North Atlantic sea surface temperature and climate. Nature, 388, 563-567.

Tanimoto, Y., N. Iwasaka, K. Hanawa and Y. Toba, 1993: Characteristic variations of sea surface temperature with multiple time scales in the North Pacific. J. Climate, 6, 1153-1160.

Tourre, Y. M., Y. Kushnir and W. B. White, 1998: Evolution of interdecadal variability in SLP, SST and upper ocean temperature over the Pacific Ocean. J.Phys.Oceanogr., submitted.

Trenberth, K. E. and J: W. Hurrell, 1994: Decadal atmosphere-ocean variations in the Pacific. Clim.Dyn., 9, 303-319.

Watanabe, M., M. Kimoto, T. Nitta and M. Kachi, 1998: A comparison of decadal climate oscillations in the North Atlantic detected in observations and a coupled GCM. J. Climate, submitted.

Weng, W. and D. Neelin, 1998: On the role of ocean-atmosphere interaction in midlatitude inter-decadal variability. Geophys.Res.Lett., 25, 167-170.

Yukimoto, S., M. Endoh, Y. Kitamura, A. Kitoh, T. Motoi, A. Noda and T. Tokioka, 1996: Interannual and interdecadal variabilities in the Paciflc in an MRI coupled GCM. Clim.Dyn., 12, 667-683.

Zhang, R.-H. and S. Levitus, 1997: Structure and cycle of decadal variability of upper-ocean temper ature in the North Pacific. J. Climate, 10, 710-727.

 

 

 

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